摘要
电缆作为核电站的“血管”和“神经”,是保障核电系统安全运行的重要电力装备。论文系统梳理了核电站电缆绝缘领域的研究进展,分析了绝缘材料在核电站强辐射、高温等极端环境下的劣化失效机理,探究了由辐照引起的物理、化学变化对材料机械和电学性能的影响;探讨了提升电缆绝缘耐受极端环境的改性方法,介绍了纳米颗粒的阻氧效应对材料耐辐照性能的提升;并且分析了核电缆的检测与评估技术发展现状,介绍了宽频阻抗谱法和介电谱法两种无损检测技术;最后,展望了核电缆领域的未来研究方向,未来还需要进一步进行核辐射、高温、LOCA等极端环境下的研究,确立有效提升耐候性的物理、化学改性方法,并且发展非侵入式、非破坏性的检测与评估技术。论文将为服役于核电站极端环境中电缆的绝缘设计、生产和运行维护提供参考。
Cable,which is regarded as the “blood vessel” and “nerve” of nuclear power plant, is an important electrical setup to ensure the safe operation of the nuclear power system. In this paper, the research progress in cable insulation of nuclear power plants is systematically reviewed. The degradation mechanism of insulation materials in the harsh environments such as strong radiation and high temperature of nuclear power plants is analyzed. The influences of physical and chemical changes caused by irradiation on the mechanical and electrical properties of materials are explored. The modification methods for improving the weather resistance of materials are discussed. It is introduced that the the oxygen barrier effect of nano particles can improve the irradiation resistance of materials. The development of detection and evaluation technologies for nuclear cables is presented. As nondestructive testing, broadband impedance spectroscopy and dielectric spectroscopy are introduced. And the future research directions of nuclear cables are put forward. In the future,the harsh environments such as nuclear radiation, high temperature and LOCA should be further researched, and physical and chemical modification methods should be determined to effectively improve weather resistance, and to develop non-invasive and non-destructive detection and evaluation technologies. The paper provides a reference for the insulation design, production and operation maintenance of cables serving in harsh environment of nuclear power plants.
作者
高宇
刘柏欣
杜伯学
梁国华
孙建生
GAO Yu;LIU Baixin;DU Boxue;LIANG Guohua;SUN Jiansheng(School of Electrical and Information Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Yangzhou Shuguang Cable Co.,Ltd.,Yangzhou 225652,China;Shanghai Electric Cable Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200093,China)
出处
《高电压技术》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期449-460,共12页
High Voltage Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(52077151)
新能源电力系统国家重点实验室开放课题(LAPS210130)。
关键词
核电
电缆绝缘
材料劣化
Γ射线
极端环境
nuclear energy
cable insulation
material degradation
gamma-ray
harsh environment
作者简介
高宇,1981-,男,博士,副教授,博导主要从事高电压与绝缘技术方面的教学和科研工作,E-mail:hmgaoyu@tju.edu.cn;通信作者:刘柏欣,1996-,女,博士生主要从事极端环境绝缘材料的性能研究工作,E-mail:Ibaix@tju.edu.cn;杜伯学,1961-,男,博士,教授,博导主要从事聚合物绝缘材料的可靠性和安全性理论与试验、高温超导电介质、纳米复合绝缘材料、电气绝缘在线监测、高电压新技术等方面的研究工作,E-mail:duboxue@tju.edu.cn。
