摘要
[目的]探究特殊天气(干旱)对造林成活率的影响。[方法]在干旱、半干旱的宁夏固原市原州区东马场林场荒山地段,选择阴坡和阳坡各6.7 hm^(2),于2021年4月中旬完成了造林试验,观测干旱对造林成活率的影响。在造林荒坡地段利用森林多功能近自然营林技术和高质高效便捷鱼鳞坑造林整地技术进行造林。[结果]从阳坡和阴坡栽植的6种树种的成活率来看,均为阴坡(87.66%)高于阳坡(69.90%);降雨量和气温对造林成活率影响极强;无论是阳坡还是阴坡各坡位样地土壤含水率总体均随土层加深而逐渐增加,且下坡土壤含水率相对于上坡较高;当0~40 cm土层土壤含水率均值为10.2%时,栽植深度对造林成活率和影响差异较大,栽植深度为20 cm左右时造林成活率效果差,栽植深度高于30 cm,造林成活率效果最好。[结论]降雨量、气温、土壤含水量和栽植深度是造林成活率的主要影响因素。
[Objective]To explore the impact of special weather(drought)on afforestation survival rate.[Method]6.7 hm^(2) of shady slope and sunny slope were selected in the barren mountain section of Dongmachang forest farm,Yuanzhou District,Guyuan City,Ningxia.The afforestation experiment was completed in mid-April 2021 to observe the impact of drought on afforestation survival rate.In the afforestation wasteland slope section,the multi-functional near natural forest management technology and high-quality,efficient and convenient fish scale pit afforestation and land preparation technology were used for afforestation.[Result]The results showed that the survival rates of the six tree species planted on the sunny slope(87.66%)were higher than that on the sunny slope(69.90%).Rainfall and temperature had a strong influence on the survival rate of afforestation;the soil moisture content of each slope increased gradually with the deepening of soil layer,and the soil moisture content of the lower slope was higher than that of the upper slope;when the average soil moisture content at the depth of 0-40 cm soil layer was 10.2%,the influence of planting depth on afforestation survival rate and was quite different.The effect of afforestation survival rate was very poor when the planting depth was 20 cm,and the effect was the best when the planting depth was higher than 30 cm.[Conclusion]The rainfall,air temperature,soil water content and planting depth are the main influencing factors of afforestation survival rate.
作者
王正安
余治家
马杰
佘萍
贾宝光
WANG Zheng-an;YU Zhi-jia;MA Jie(Guyuan Branch,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Guyuan,Ningxia 756000)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2023年第5期89-92,102,共5页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(〔2021〕ZY8)
固原市科技计划项目(2020GYKYF017)。
关键词
干旱半干旱区
造林成活率
栽植深度
Arid and semi-arid area
Afforestation survival rate
Planting depth
作者简介
王正安(1989-),男,甘肃天水人,助理研究员,从事森林生态水文研究;通信作者:余治家,正高级工程师,从事森林经营及特色花灌木繁育栽培技术研究。
