摘要
身心关系为中西哲学最为重要的论题之一。王阳明认为“身心意知物是一件”,身、心、意、知、物五者和合一体而不能相分离,共同构成了“与天地万物为一体”之“真己”,亦即“大我”。“大我”为前对象化、前认知化、前理论化的源初场域:其“心”为源初场域之神感神应,其“身”为源初场域的全幅显现。由于意识的自我对象化作用,人执定形体而落入“躯壳的己”亦即“小我”之中:“身”成为与心、意、知、物相对待的生理基础,“意”成为与身、心、知、物相对待的心理活动,进而两者有“非一非异”之关系。王阳明关于身心问题的讨论,重点不在于“小我”层面生理与心理交互作用下的感受与认知,而在于回归源初“大我”以实现生命的究竟安顿,这关涉宇宙论、本体论、功夫论等更为宏大的视域。就此而言,中西哲学关于身心问题的讨论有相互借鉴的可能。
The relationship between body and mind is one of the most important topics in Chinese and Western philosophy.Wang Yangming held the view that“body,mind,consciousness,conscience,and things are one piece”,and the five elements are integrated and cannot be separated,which together form the“true self”of“integration with the world and all things”,namely,“the big self”.“Big self”was the original realm of pre-objectification,pre-cognition,and pre-theorization.The“mind”in general is the induction of the original field;the“body”in general is the manifestation of the original field.However,due to the self objectification of consciousness,people cling to the“body’s self”and fall into the“small self”separated from others:“body”becomes the physiological basis relative to mind,consciousness,conscience and things,and“consciousness”becomes the psychological activity relative to body,mind,conscience and things,so there is a relationship of“non-uniformity and non difference”between body and consciousness.Wang Yangming’s discussion of body and mind is not focused on the feeling and cognition under the interaction of physiology and psychology at the level of“small self”,but on returning to the original“big self”to realize the settlement of life,involving cosmology,ontology,kungfu theory and other broader perspectives.In this regard,it is possible to learn from each other in the discussion of body and mind in Chinese and Western philosophy.
出处
《中州学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第3期123-130,共8页
Academic Journal of Zhongzhou
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“阳明学知识论问题研究”(21BZX068)。
关键词
阳明心学
身心
大我
小我
道德功夫
Wang Yangming’s ideology of mind
body and mind
big self
small self
moral practice
作者简介
龚晓康,男,贵州大学哲学学院、共产党人心学高端智库教授、博士生导师(贵州贵阳550025)。
