摘要
红树林有很高的生态服务价值,人类活动的破坏导致红树林大量减少及破碎化严重,致使生态服务价值受到巨大损失。本研究以湛江通明海红树林为例,基于2000—2018年高分辨率红树林分布数据,分析红树林破碎化特征和生态服务价值,并提出红树林恢复建议。结果表明:2000—2018年,红树林面积减少1415.33 hm^(2),减少速率(78.63 hm^(2)·a^(-1))居全国第一。红树林的斑块数量和平均斑块大小分别从2000年的283个和1002 hm^(2)变为2018年的418个和341 hm^(2)。2000年最大的1个斑块在2018年变成29个小斑块,破碎化明显,连通性变差;总边缘、边缘密度和平均斑块大小是影响红树林自身服务价值的主导因子;红树林景观生态风险上升,湖光镇片区和东海岛西岸的中部破碎化速度快于其他地区。研究期间,红树林自身服务价值减少13.51亿元,其生态系统服务价值减少14.49亿元,特别是红树林的调节与支持服务价值减少最明显。湛江通明海红树林亟需恢复与保护,必须实施针对易被破坏的红树林斑块(如“孤岛”)的保护与再生计划,退塘还林、滩涂造林是行之有效的方法。本研究结果可为当地政府开展红树林恢复与保护工作、实现红树林可持续发展提供重要的参考。
Mangrove forest has high ecological service value. Due to the destruction of human activities, mangrove forest has been greatly reduced and seriously fragmented, resulting in huge losses in the ecological service value. In this study, taking the mangrove forest in Tongming Sea of Zhanjiang as an example, we analyzed the characteristics of mangrove forest fragmentation and its ecological service value based on high-resolution distribution data from 2000 to 2018, and put forward suggestions for mangrove restoration. The results showed that the area of mangrove forest decreased by 1415.33 hm^(2) from 2000 to 2018, and the reduction rate(78.63 hm^(2)·a^(-1)) ranked the first among mangrove forests in China. The patch number and average patch size of mangrove forest changed from 283 and 1002 hm^(2) in 2000 to 418 and 341 hm^(2) in 2018, respectively. The largest patch in 2000 became twenty-nine small patches in 2018, with obvious fragmentation and poor connectivity. The total edge, edge density and mean patch size of mangrove forest were the main influencing factors for its service value. The landscape ecological risk of mangrove forest increased, the fragmentation rate in Huguang Town Region and the middle of the west coast of Donghai Island was faster than that in the other regions. During the study, the mangrove itself sevice value decreased by 1.35 billion yuan, and its ecosystem service value decreased by 1.45 billion yuan, especially for the significant reduction of regulation and support services. The mangrove forest in Tongming Sea of Zhanjiang urgently need to be restored and protected. It is necessary to implement protection and regeneration plans for vulnerable mangrove patches(such as ‘Island’). The effective methods were to return the pond to forest and beach afforestation. In summary, our results could provide important references for local government to carry out mangrove forest restoration and protection, and realize the sustainable development of mangrove forest.
作者
唐道斌
辛存林
陈宁
刘向军
张亮
TANG Daobin;XIN Cunlin;CHEN Ning;LIU Xiangjun;ZHANG Liang(College of Geography and Environmental Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis,Lanzhou 730070,China;School of Geography and Tourism,Jiaying University,Meizhou 514015,Guangdong,China)
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期415-422,共8页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家自然科学面上基金项目(41972020,42271010)资助。
关键词
破碎化
红树林
价值
恢复
通明海
fragmentation
mangrove
value
restoration
Tongming Sea
作者简介
唐道斌,男,1997年生,硕士研究生。主要从事湿地景观生态和第四纪地貌学研究。E-mail:daobintang@163.com;通讯作者:辛存林,E-mail:xincunling@163.com。
