摘要
【目的】研究不同行距配置对木薯产量、品质及薯构型的影响,优化木薯机械化种植与收获模式的农艺农机参数。【方法】以我国主栽的机械化木薯品种华南205(SC205)为材料,采用田间试验,平地模拟机械化种植模式,设等行距(0.8+0.8)m(CK)及宽窄行(1.0+0.5)m(T1)、(1.0+0.6)m(T2)、(1.0+0.7)m(T3)、(1.2+0.4)m(T4)、(1.2+0.5)m(T5)、(1.2+0.6)m(T6)共7种行距配置,于收获期测定薯块产量、薯块可溶性糖和淀粉含量、薯块性状及薯构型。【结果】1)两年中,T6木薯鲜薯产量、薯干产量均最高,较T1显著增产19.19%~24.89%和19.61%~30.56%。2)T6木薯块根的可溶性糖和淀粉积累量均处于较高水平,较T1分别明显提高21.38%~31.38%和27.67%~31.51%。3)两年中,T1垂直行向半幅宽均最窄,为19.72~20.50 cm,且薯长均最短,为13.01~14.57 cm。4)当收获单株的垂直行向半幅宽为30.0 cm、深度为25.0 cm时,所有处理均可收获98.50%以上的鲜薯产量,其中T6收获的鲜薯产量最高,达41.79 t/hm^(2),收获比例为99.42%。【结论】在木薯品种SC205平地机械化种植模式中,推荐(1.2+0.6)m的宽窄行配置,收获机在窄行间的双行作业幅宽为120.0 cm、深度为25.0 cm。
【Objective】Effects of different row spacings on cassava storage root yield,quality,storage root character,and storage root configuration(SRC)were studied to obtain optimal parameters for mechanized planting and harvesting mode.【Method】Variety SC205,widely cultivated across South China and appropriate for mechanization,was used as the test material.A flat field experiment with seven row spacings of equal row spacing(0.8+0.8)m(CK),wide-narrow spacing(1.0+0.5)m(T1),(1.0+0.6)m(T2),(1.0+0.7)m(T3),(1.2+0.4)m(T4),(1.2+0.5)m(T5),and(1.2+0.6)m(T6)was conducted.The storage root yield,contents of root soluble sugar and starch,characteristics and configuration of fresh tubers were determined at harvest stage.【Result】1)Within 2 years,fresh root yield(FRY)and dry root yield(DRY)of T6 were the highest,and the difference between T6 and T1 was significant.Compared with T1,T6 significantly increased FRY and DRY by 19.19%-24.89%and 19.61%-30.56%,respectively.2)Compared to T1,soluble sugar and starch accumulation in the storage root of T6 were significantly increased by 21.38%-31.38%and 27.67%-31.51%,respectively.3)Within 2 years,T1 had the narrowest half width across row direction and the shortest storage root length of 19.72-20.50 cm and 13.01-14.57 cm,respectively.4)When the harvesting half width across row direction per plant was 30.0 cm and the harvesting depth was 25.0 cm,more than 98.50%fresh storage root weight could be harvested in all treatments.T6 had the highest fresh root weight of 41.79 t/hm^(2) with FRY of 99.42%.【Conclusion】The wide-narrow spacing(1.2+0.6)m model was recommended for mechanized planting of cassava variety of SC205 on flat field,and 120.0 cm harvesting width and 25.0 cm depth were suggested for double rows harvesting machine within narrow rows.
作者
魏云霞
韦卓文
黄洁
王娟
李天
何冯光
WEI Yunxia;WEI Zhuowen;HUANG Jie;WANG Juan;LI Tian;HE Fengguang(Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Cassava Genetic Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Agricultural Machinery Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524091,China)
出处
《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期29-38,共10页
Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-11-hnhj)
国家重点研发计划专项(2020YFD1000600)。
关键词
木薯
行距配置
薯块产量
薯构型
农艺农机参数
cassava
row spacing
storage root yield
storage root configuration
agronomic-machinery parameters
作者简介
魏云霞(1989-),女,河南淅川人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事木薯栽培研究。E-mail:mydearxiaowei@126.com;通信作者:黄洁(1966-),男,广东遂溪人,研究员,硕士生导师,主要从事木薯高产栽培技术研究。E-mail:hnhjcn@163.com。
