摘要
通过顶空固相微萃取(HS–SPME)结合气相色谱—质谱联用(GC–MS)技术,优化萱草品种‘沙曼’花瓣中挥发性成分的最佳萃取温度和萃取时间,形成优化的预处理条件后,对处于同一生境下的9个萱草品种(‘自由行’‘星光玫瑰’‘四十二街’‘乔丹’‘茉莉百合’‘流星’‘幻想之网’‘烈焰’和‘沙曼’)盛花期花瓣中的挥发性成分进行GC–MS检测分析,并辅以气相色谱—质谱—嗅闻联用(GC–MS–O)及香气活性值(OAV)确定关键香气物质。结果表明,‘沙曼’最佳萃取温度为80℃,最佳萃取时间为40 min。在此条件下,9个品种萱草中共检测到197种挥发性成分,包括醇类、萜烯类、醛类、腈类、酚类、酯类、烷烃、呋喃及少量其他物质。通过峰面积归一法结合GC–MS–O,27种挥发性成分被鉴定成为关键香气成分。经主成分分析(PCA)和聚类分析(HCA),认定(Z)-β–罗勒烯和壬醛构建了萱草的主体香气成分,并初步推断反式–橙花叔醇、芳樟醇、苯乙醇、吲哚、草蒿脑等是造成不同品种萱草香气差异的原因。9个萱草样品根据香气特性聚为4组,一组为‘自由行’和‘星光玫瑰’,其不具有苯乙腈、苯乙醇和苯乙醛,显现木香、草香、花香为主要的香气特性;一组为‘乔丹’‘茉莉百合’‘流星’‘幻想之网’和‘烈焰’,主要由苯乙醇、苯甲醛、香叶基丙酮、3–呋喃甲醇等物质形成花香、果香为主的香气特性;‘四十二街’和‘沙曼’各自成为一组,含有多种独有物质而显现出与众不同的香气特性。
Based on HS–SPME combined with GC–MS technology,the optimum extraction temperature and time of the volatile components from Hemerocallis‘Shaman’were firstly determined.Then,the nine H.fulva cultivars of‘Free Wheelin’’‘She’s Got the Look’‘Forty Second Street’‘Grape Velvet’‘Lilly and Petals’‘Unlock the Stars’‘Web of Illusion’‘Fire on the Mountain’and‘Shaman’in the blooming stage were analyzed by GC–MS.In addition,GC–MS–O and OAVs were used to detect key aroma components in different cultivars.The results showed that the best extraction temperature was 80℃,and the best extraction time was 40 min.Based on this condition,a total of 197 volatile components were detected,including alcohols,terpenes,aldehydes,nitriles,phenols,esters,alkanes,furans,and a small amount of other substances.By combining peak area normalization method with GC–MS–O,27 volatile components were identified as aroma components.Based on the principal component analysis(PCA)and hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA)of 27 main aroma components,(Z)-β-ocimene and Nonanal were identified as the main aroma components in Hemerocallis.Also,it was preliminarily concluded trans-nerolidol,linalool,phenethyl alcohol,indole and estragole etc.may be responsible for the various aroma of different cultivars of H.fulva.Finally,nine samples of H.fulva were divided into four groups,one group was‘Free Wheelin’’and‘She’s Got the Look’,which did not have benzyl nitrile,phenylethyl alcohol and benzeneacetaldehyde,showingmainly woody,herbal,and floral aromas;the other group was‘Grape Velvet’‘Lilly and Petals’‘Unlock the Stars’‘Web of Illusion’and‘Fire on the Mountain’,mainly composed of phenylethyl alcohol,benzaldehyde,geranyl acetone,3-furan methanol and other substances to form floral and fruity aroma characteristics.Moreover,‘Forty Second Street’and‘Shaman’each form a separate group,containing a variety of unique substances and revealing the distinctive aroma characteristics.
作者
强文彦
孟庆然
张志国
高文杰
QIANG Wenyan;MENG Qingran;ZHANG Zhiguo;GAO Wenjie(Department of Ecological Technology and Engineering,Shanghai Institute of Technology,Shanghai 201418,China;Department of Flavor and Fragrance Technology and Engineering,Shanghai Institute of Technology,Shanghai 201418,China)
出处
《园艺学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期116-130,共15页
Acta Horticulturae Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32001355)
上海市杨帆计划项目(20YF1447800)
上海市农委科技兴农项目[沪农科推字(2019)第1-8号]
上海应用技术大学中青年教师科技人才发展基金项目(ZQ2020-4)
上海应用技术大学引进人才科研启动项目(YJ2021-77)。
作者简介
通信作者:高文杰,E-mail:wenjie_gao0724@163.com。
