摘要
磁致伸缩水声换能器作为电-机械-声能量转换器件是声呐系统中重要的大功率电磁装置,其核心驱动元件铁镓合金棒需工作在高频(f>1 kHz)激励条件下,为对此类高频大功率磁致伸缩器件的优化设计提供指导,需要准确测试棒材的高频磁特性。以往的测试装置由于高频激励时导磁回路铁损大、励磁回路电阻抗高以及棒材磁导率低等特点,难以保证铁镓合金棒内获得均匀且数值较高的磁通密度。该文基于电磁场理论设计了一种棒状铁镓合金高频高磁通密度磁特性测试装置,首先根据电磁损耗机理选择高频磁心材料并利用参数化扫描的方法优化其尺寸参数,在此基础上,建立三维有限元模型仿真计算棒材内部磁场大小及分布;然后以提高电磁转化效率为目标,设计测试装置的电路部分并依据串联谐振原理进行阻抗匹配;最后制作样机并进行实验测试。结果表明,该测试装置在1 kHz下,磁通密度幅值最高可达0.89 T,比常用的AMH-1M-S动态磁特性测试仪(最高可提供0.1 T磁通密度幅值)提高约9倍,且操作简单、稳定可靠。
As a new type of magnetostrictive material,iron-gallium alloy has the advantages of high magnetostriction and good mechanical properties.It has important application prospects in high technology fields such as transducer,sensor,precision mechanical control and mechanical transmission mechanism.Among them,the magnetostrictive hydroacoustic transducer made of iron-gallium alloy rod as the core driving element,usually requires the rod to work in the high frequency range of several kilohertz.Therefore,it is necessary to accurately measure and analyze the magnetic properties of iron-gallium alloy rod in this frequency band in order to provide theoretical guidance and experimental data to optimize the design of such high frequency and high power magnetostrictive devices.However,in the high frequency band above 1 kHz,the magnetic flux density amplitude of the AMH-1M-S,a commercial high-frequency dynamic magnetic property tester made in Italy used in previous experimental tests,is only 0.1 T.Due to the high iron loss in the permeability circuit,high impedance in the excitation circuit and low permeability of the bar during high frequency excitation of the test device,a uniform and high value magnetic flux density in the iron-gallium alloy bar is very difficult to be obtained.Based on the electromagnetic field theory,this paper designs a high frequency and high magnetic flux density magnetic characteristics testing device for rod-shaped iron-gallium alloy material.Firstly,to solve the high frequency excitation problem,according to the magnetic loss theory,the magnetic circuit is constructed by choosing the high frequency permeability material with low core loss.Then,to improve the electromagnetic conversion efficiency,the excitation coil is wound by Litz line,which is less affected by high frequency skin effect and proximity effect.Finally,the impedance matching is carried out according to the principle of series resonance.In order to verify the feasibility of the above design method,a prototype high-frequency magnetic property test device is designed and an experimental platform is built for the bar-shaped iron-gallium alloy.The dimensional parameters of the selected iron-gallium alloy bar are 1 mm thickness,20 mm height,and 10 mm×10 mm cross-sectional size.A large number of experimental results show that the high-frequency magnetic properties test device for iron-gallium alloy rod can provides flux densities of up to 0.26 T at excitation frequencies up to 9 kHz.The maximum flux density of about 0.2 T is still guaranteed inside the bar in the test band above 10 kHz.At a frequency of 1 kHz,the maximum measurable flux density is 0.89 T.At frequencies less than 1 kHz,the maximum flux density value inside the bar can be increased to more than 1 T.The highest flux density value available inside the bar increases as the test frequency decreases.In summary,the high-frequency magnetic property testing device can provide uniform high magnetic flux density for dynamic magnetic property testing of iron-gallium alloy rod in the frequency range of kilohertz.The experimental platform is easy to operate,stable and reliable.It provides an important reference for the optimized design of high-frequency high-power magnetostrictive devices.
作者
黄文美
陶铮
郭萍萍
夏志玉
郭万里
Huang Wenmei;Tao Zheng;Guo Pingping;Xia Zhiyu;Guo Wanli(State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Interlligence of Electrical Equipment Hebei University of Technology,Tianjian 300130 China;Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province Hebei University of Technology,Tianjian 300130 China)
出处
《电工技术学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期841-851,共11页
Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51777053,52077052)。
关键词
棒状磁致伸缩材料
铁镓合金
结构设计
高频动态磁滞特性
Magnetostrictive rod
iron-gallium alloy
structural design
high frequency dynamic hysteresis characteristics
作者简介
通信作者:黄文美,女,1969年生,博士,教授,研究方向为磁性材料与器件、电机电器及其控制。E-mail:huzwm@hebut.edu.cn;陶铮,男,1996年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为磁性材料与器件、电机电器及其控制。E-mail:961851321@qq.com。
