摘要
目的 了解昭通市幼托机构和中小学校学生先天性心脏病(congenital heart defects, CHD)患病现状及其影响因素,为制定儿童青少年CHD预防策略提供依据。方法 采取分层随机整群抽样方法,于2020年9-11月对昭通市4个乡/镇11 343名幼托机构、小学、初中和高中学校学生进行CHD筛查和问卷调查。结果 昭通市幼托机构和中小学校学生CHD患病率为11.99‰(95%CI=9.99‰~13.99‰),永善县(14.90‰)高于盐津县(10.22‰),农村(13.30‰)高于城镇(8.21‰),差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为4.95,4.77,P值均<0.05)。136例CHD中,室间隔缺损占比最高(41.2%),其次是房间隔缺损(32.4%)和动脉导管未闭(14.0%),还有8例(5.9%)复杂CHD和9例(6.6%)其他CHD。CHD学生较晚确诊占比为50.74%。影响因素分析显示,生活在永善县、农村地区、家庭人均年收入在10 000~<20 000元、CHD病种为非复杂先心病的学生均有较晚确诊的风险(OR值分别为0.30,0.13,3.67,0.17,P值均<0.05)。结论 昭通市幼托机构和中小学校学生CHD有患病率高、复杂先心病比重大、较晚确诊人数多以及较晚确诊影响因素复杂等特点,亟需加强学生CHD的预防工作。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of congenital heart defects(CHD) among nursery, primary, and middle school students in Zhaotong, and to provide basis for CHD prevention strategies for children and adolescents. Methods Using stratified random cluster sampling, a total of 11 343 nursery, primary and middle school students in 4 towns of Zhaotong were investigated with CHD screening and questionnaire during September to November in 2020. Results The prevalence of CHD among nursery, primary and middle school students in Zhaotong was 11.99‰(95%CI=9.99‰-13.99‰), Yongshan County(14.90‰) > Yanjin County(10.22‰), rural(13.30‰) > urban(8.21‰)(χ^(2)=4.95, 4.77, P<0.05). Among 136 cases of CHD, the Ventricular Septal Defect(VSD) accounted the highest proportion(41.2%), followed by Atrial Septal Defect(ASD, 32.4%), Patent Ductus Arteriosus(PDA, 14.0%), and Complex Congenital Heart Disease(CCHD, 5.9%) and the other CHD(others, 6.6%). The proportion of late diagnosed CHD was 50.74%, which was associated with living in rural areas of Yongshan County, low annual household income(10 000-<20 000 yuan), as well as isolated and uncomplicated CHD(OR=0.30, 0.13, 3.67, 0.17, P<0.05). Conclusion Nursery, primary and middle schools students have the characteristics of high prevalence rate of CHD, large proportion of complex congenital heart disease, large number of late diagnosis and complex influencing factors in Zhaotong. It’s in urgent need of strengthening learning prevention of CHD.
作者
方家煜
朵林
付宏晨
杨庆欢
马敏
王化丹
庞林鸿
何利平
FANG Jiayu;DUO Lin;FU Hongchen;YANG Qinghuan;MA Min;WANG Huadan;PANG Linhong;HE Liping(School of Public Health,Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650500,China;不详)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第11期1733-1736,共4页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
云南省科技厅重点研发计划项目(202003AF140012)。
关键词
日托幼儿园
心脏病
患病率
回归分析
学生
Child day care centers
Heart diseases
Prevalence
Regression analysis
Students
作者简介
方家煜(1995-),男,云南玉溪人,在读硕士,主要研究方向为儿童青少年先天性心脏病流行病学;通信作者:何利平,E-mail:lipinghe2@126.com。
