摘要
目的探讨小儿热性惊厥的临床特点,为本病的诊治提供理论指导。方法收集2018年1月至2021年12月海口市妇幼保健院儿科收治的316例诊断为热性惊厥患儿的临床资料,并对患儿的性别、年龄、原发病、发病时间、发作时体温、发作类型、临床表现、家族史、检查结果进行回顾性分析。结果316例热性惊厥患儿中,男188例,女128例,男女比例为1.5∶1。发病年龄2个月~7岁,≤1岁72例,>1~3岁180例,>3~6岁51例,>6岁13例。发病时间全年散发,1~3月38例,4~6月110例,7~9月103例,10~12月65例。发作时体温≤38℃32例,>38~39℃78例,>39~40℃145例,>40℃61例。原发病:急性上呼吸道感染188例,支气管肺炎59例,支气管炎34例,消化道感染11例,幼儿急疹8例,泌尿道感染3例,预防接种3例,不明原因发热10例。单纯型热性惊厥261例,复杂型热性惊厥55例。全身性发作272例,局部性发作44例。有家族史的有87例,既往有热性惊厥史的有119例。脑电图检查异常45例;在发病各年龄、发作类型和发病类型方面均差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);而在发作时体温和家族史方面,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论小儿热性惊厥以男性患儿为主,发病年龄主要在3岁以下,发作时体温多在>39~40℃,原发病以呼吸道感染为主,并以单纯型发作和全身性发作多见。脑电图检查有助于小儿热性惊厥的诊疗,并给予相应的防治措施。
Objective To discuss the characteristics of the clinical of pediatric febrile convulsions,and provide theoretical guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Methods The clinical data of 316 children diagnosed as febrile convulsion admitted to Department of Pediatrics,Haikou Hospital of the Maternal and Child Health from January 2018 to December 2021 were collected,and the children’s gender,age,primary disease,onset time,body temperature at onset,onset type,clinical manifestations,family history and examination results were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among the 316 children with febrile convulsion,there were 188 males and 128 females,with a male-to-female ratio of 1.5∶1.The onset age was 2 months to 7 years old,72 cases were less than 1 year old,180 cases were>1-3 years old,51 cases were>3-6 years old,and 13 cases were>6 years old.The onset time was disseminated throughout the year,with 38 cases from January to March,110 cases from April to June,103 cases from July to September and 65 cases from October to December.At the onset,the body temperature was≤38℃32 cases,>38-39℃78 cases,>39-40℃145 cases,>40℃61 cases.Primary diseases,acute upper respiratory tract infection(188 cases),bronchopneumonia(59 case),bronchitis(34 cases),digestive tract infection(11 cases),infantile acute eruption(8 cases),urinary tract infection(3 cases),vaccination(3 cases),fever of unknown origin(10 cases).There were 261 cases of simple febrile convulsion,55 cases of complex febrile convulsion.272 cases of systemic seizure,44 cases of local seizure.87 cases of family history,119 cases of previous history of febrile convulsion.Abnormal electroencephalogram in 45 cases,there were significant differences in age of onset,onset type and onset type(P<0.01),but there were no significant differences in onset body temperature and family history(P>0.05).Conclusion Infantile febrile convulsion is mainly in male children,the onset age is mainly under 3 years old,the onset of the body temperature is often>39-40℃,the primary cause is mainly respiratory tract infection,and simple attacks and systemic attacks are more common.Electroencephalogram examination is helpful to the diagnosis and treatment of febrile convulsion in children,and to give the corresponding prevention and treatmen t measures.
作者
胡祥英
黄娆
王开梅
HU Xiangying;HUANG Rao;WANG Kaimei(Department of Pediatrics,Haikou Hospital of the Maternal and Child Health,Hainan Province,Haikou 570102,China)
出处
《妇儿健康导刊》
2022年第12期86-89,共4页
JOURNAL OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN'S HEALTH GUIDE
关键词
热性惊厥
儿科
脑电图
Febrile convulsions
Department of Pediatrics
Electroencephalogram
作者简介
胡祥英(1967-),男,主任医师,教授,研究方向:小儿感染性疾病和危重症。
