摘要
目的通过探讨某区幼儿园一起手足口病暴发疫情流行病学调查分析,为手足口病的校内防控策略提供科学依据。方法于中国疾病预防控制中心《监测报告管理模块》选取2019年5月12日—2019年7月4日南京市某区永阳街道某幼儿园一起手足口病暴发疫情,通过走访和流行病学调查,整理并收集园内所有手足口病患者的一般人口学资料;同时,采用描述流行病学方法,分析该幼儿园手足口病暴发疫情的流行病学及临床表现。结果该幼儿园此次疫情共有37例病例,临床诊断病例32例,确诊病例5例,均为轻症;病原学方面,采集的5例病例中有3例是CoxA16阳性,其余样本为通用肠道病毒阴性;园内学生罹患率为4.79%(37/773),托班罹患率为8.14%(7/86),小班罹患率为5.85%(12/205),中班罹患率为6.59%(17/258),大班罹患率为0.89%(2/224),均为该区某幼儿园学生,具有时间、空间和人群分布聚集性;病例中男性27例(72.97%),女性10例(27.03%),不同性别患儿手足口病罹患率比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.974,P=0.005);发病年龄以5岁以下的小中班学生为主,占73.68%;病例临床表现症状以发热和手、足、口及臀部皮疹为主,临床潜伏期在1周左右。结论这是一起由柯萨奇A组16型(CoxA16)感染导致的幼儿园手足口病暴发疫情。此起疫情主要通过空气(气溶胶)传播及密切接触传播,对患儿的早期发现与隔离、对幼儿园教室及卫生间、物品玩具的清洁消毒,加强晨检、午检、因病缺课登记工作,开展健康教育及传染病防控培训等均为重要的防控措施。
Objective To provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in school by investigating the epidemiological analysis of an outbreak of HFMD in a kindergarten in our district.Methods An outbreak of HFMD in a kindergarten in Yongyang Street,Lishui District,Nanjing,from May 12,2019 to July 4,2019 was selected from the“Surveillance Report Management Module”of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.The general demographic data of all HFMD patients in the garden were sorted out and collected through interviews and epidemiological investigation.At the same time,descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of the outbreak of HFMD in the kindergarten.Results There were 37 cases of HFMD in the kindergarten,including 32 clinically diagnosed cases and 5 confirmed cases,all of which were mild type.In terms of etiology,3 of the 5 cases were positive for CoxA16,and the rest were negative for universal enterovirus.The attack rate of the students in the park was 4.79%(37/773),8.14%(7/86)in the care class,5.85%(12/205)in the small class,6.59%(17/258)in the middle class,and 0.89%(2/224)in the large class.All the students were from a kindergarten in Yongyang Street,Lishui District.Presents time,space and population distribution clustering.Among the cases,there were 27 males(72.97%)and 10 females(27.03%).There was a significant difference in the incidence of HFMD between different genders(χ^(2)=7.974,P=0.005).The age of onset was mainly in primary and middle class students under 5 years old,accounting for 73.68%.The main clinical symptoms were fever and rash of hands,feet,mouth and buttocks.The clinical incubation period was about 1 week.Conclusions This is an outbreak of hand,foot and mouth disease in kindergarten caused by Coxsackie group A16(CoxA16)infection.This epidemic is mainly transmitted through air(aerosol)and close contact.The important prevention and control measures are early detection and isolation of children,cleaning and disinfection of kindergarten classrooms,toilets,objects and toys,strengthening morning and afternoon examination,and registration of school absence due to illness,and carrying out health education and training on prevention and control of infectious diseases.
作者
佟鑫
Tong Xin(Center for disease control and prevention of Lishui district in Nanjing,Nanjing,Jiangsu,211200,China)
出处
《齐齐哈尔医学院学报》
2022年第18期1766-1770,共5页
Journal of Qiqihar Medical University
关键词
手足口病
暴发疫情
流行病学调查
校园防控
Hand foot and mouth disease
Outbreak
Epidemiological investigation
Prevention and control on the campus
