摘要
微塑料(microplastics,MPs)广泛存在于各种环境介质中.与水生系统相比,土壤作为MPs在陆地系统中重要的长期的汇,MPs污染更为复杂,为全面了解土壤MPs污染现状,加强土壤MPs污染的风险管控,本文概述了土壤MPs的来源、丰度、迁移及潜在生态风险.土壤MPs主要来源于未合理处置的塑料垃圾、污泥堆肥、有机肥料施用等;MPs可能在全球土壤环境中普遍存在,多数地区土壤MPs丰度在0—5×10^(3)个·kg^(−1)之间,PE、PP、PS是土壤中最常见的MPs类型,频繁的农业活动导致农田土壤MPs污染尤为严重;MPs会对土壤生物的生长产生不同影响,并威胁人类健康,还会与其他污染物形成复合污染或发生老化/降解,对土壤生态系统构成更大的威胁.最后,从土壤MPs溯源、深层土壤中MPs检测、MPs与其他污染物复合污染毒性以及生态健康的风险等几方面提出了未来可能的研究方向,以期为进一步评估土壤MPs的环境行为和生态风险提供参考.
Microplastics(MPs)are ubiquitous in various environmental media such as ocean,sediment,soil and atmosphere.Currently,the fate and ecological effect of MPs has been extensively studied in aquatic environments,but few focus on soils.Compared to the aquatic environment,MPs pollution in soil,an important long-term sink for MPs in terrestrial systems,are more complex.To obtain a comprehensive understanding on MPs pollution and strengthen its risk control in soil,this article summarizes the source,abundance,migration and potential ecological risks of MPs in soil.First,the widely source of MPs in soil environment were illustrated.Which mainly including plastic waste,sludge compost,organic fertilizer application,agricultural irrigation,and plastic film mulching.Second,MPs may be widespread in soil around the world,with MPs abundance in most regions ranging from 0—5×10^(3) kg^(−1).PE,PP and PS are the most common types of MPs in soils,and the frequent agricultural activities result in high MPs contamination in farmland soils.Moreover,the ecological risks of MPs in terrestrial ecosystems,such as their different effect on the growth of soil organisms and the potential health risk to humans,are reviewed and analyzed.MPs could form combined pollution with other pollutants or undergo aging/degradation,posing a significant threat to soil ecosystems.Finally,research perspectives for soil MPs traceability,MPs detection in deep soil,the transfer of soil MPs in the food chain,combined pollution toxicity of MPs with other pollutants,and the risks of ecological health are suggested.This study will help to further understand the environmental behavior and ecological risks of soil MPs.
作者
刘锐涵
王艳华
赵建
苏宇
周倩
郭学涛
高婵娟
董治宝
LIU Ruihan;WANG Yanhua;ZHAO Jian;SU Yu;ZHOU Qian;GUO Xuetao;GAO Chanjuan;DONG Zhibao(School of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an,710119,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao,266100,China;School of Energy and Environment,Southeast University,Nanjing,210023,China;College of Environment,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou,310014,China;College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Yangling,712100,China;College of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Jilin Institute of chemical technology,Jilin,132022,China)
出处
《环境化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第10期3214-3230,共17页
Environmental Chemistry
基金
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0403)
国家自然科学基金(42277207,41807457,41822705,41977163)
国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1808304)
陕西省自然科学基金(2019JQ-664)
陕西省重点研发计划一般项目(2022SF-118,2021SF-454)
中央高校基本科研业务费(GK202103151,202141003)资助.
关键词
微塑料
土壤
来源
丰度
迁移
生态风险
microplastics
soil
source
abundance
migration
ecological risk
作者简介
通信联系人:王艳华,Tel:13991828224,E-mail:yhwang930@foxmail.com。
