摘要
为研究补饲全乳或代乳粉对奶公犊生长性能、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响,选取45头(42.94±3.45)kg新生荷斯坦奶公犊,随机分为3组,每组15头。A组全期饲喂全乳,B组30日龄后饲喂精饲料,C组饲喂代乳粉,3组饲喂粗饲料相同。试验期120 d。结果表明,①60、90和120日龄时,A和C组奶公犊体重和日增重均显著高于B组(P<0.05),体斜长、体高和胸围显著高于B组(P<0.05),全乳组优于代乳粉组,但无显著差异(P>0.05);②A和C组熟肉率、失水率和嫩度值较B组显著提高(P<0.05),肉色评分、眼肌面积、剪切力和大理石花纹评分显著降低(P<0.05),A和C组无显著差异(P>0.05);③120日龄时,A和C组背最长肌脂肪含量显著低于B组45.90%和41.39%(P<0.05),蛋白质含量则显著高于B组20.80%和20.00%(P<0.05),豆蔻烯酸、亚麻酸和不饱和脂肪酸含量均显著高于B组(P<0.05),饱和脂肪酸和必需脂肪酸显著低于B组(P<0.05),其余脂肪酸含量无显著差异(P>0.05);④60日龄和120日龄时,A和C组血液中总蛋白、白蛋白以及球蛋白含量显著高于B组(P<0.05),60日龄A和C组血清总胆固醇含量显著低于B组52.49%和50.83%、120日龄低于B组43.38%和41.23%(P<0.05),综上,补饲全乳或代乳粉120 d,可显著提高奶公犊生长性能和肉品质,具有高蛋白、低脂肪、低胆固醇等特点,富含不饱和脂肪酸,是优质保健牛肉。
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of milk or milk replacer supplementation on the growth performance,meat quality,and serum biochemical parameters in the bull calves.Forty-five Holstein newborn bull calves(42.94±3.45)kg were randomly divided into three groups with 15 animals in each group.Bull calves were fed with milk throughout the experiment period in the group A.Group B was fed with milk within 30 days,then they were fed with concentration and a small amount of high-quality forage after 30 days.Group C was fed with milk replacer,and the three groups were fed with the same roughage.The experiment lasted for 120 days.The results showed as follows:①The body weight and daily gain of bull calves in the group A and C were significantly higher than those in group B at 60 days,90 days,and 120 days of age(P<0.05),body length,withers height,and heart girth in group A and C were significantly higher than those in group B(P<0.05),the whole milk group was superior to the milk replacer group,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05);②The cooked meat rate,water loss rate and tender value in group A and C were significantly higher than those in group B(P<0.05),and the meat color score,eye muscle area,shear force and marbling score were significantly lower(P<0.05),there was no significant difference between group A and group C(P>0.05);③At 120 days,the fat content of longissimus dorsi muscle in group A and C were significantly lower than 45.90%and 41.39%in group B(P<0.05),the protein content was significantly higher than 20.80%and 20.00%in group B(P<0.05),the myristic acid,linolenic acid and unsaturated fatty acid contents were significantly higher than those in group B(P<0.05),and the saturated fatty acid and essential fatty acid were significantly lower than those in group B(P<0.05),there was no significant difference in the other fatty acid contents(P>0.05);④The contents of blood total protein,albumin,and globulin in the group A and C were significantly higher than those in group B at 60 and 120 days(P<0.05).The contents of serum total cholesterol in 60 days group A and C were significantly lower than in group B(52.49%and 50.83%),and that in 120 days were lower than that in group B(43.38%and 41.23%)(P<0.05).Meat quality of health care function of 60 over 120 days.In conclusion,supplementary feeding of whole milk or milk replacer for 120 days could significantly improve the growth performance and meat quality of milk bull calves,which had high protein,low fat,low cholesterol,rich in unsaturated fatty acids,and was a real high-grade health care beef.
作者
孙满吉
李浩然
管晓轩
孟迪
蒋睿珂
张玉福
SUN Manji;LI Haoran;GUAN Xiaoxuan;MENG Di;JIANG Ruike;ZAHNG Yufu(School of Animal Sciences of Technology,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Suihua City Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Suihua Heilongjiang 152000,China)
出处
《东北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第7期35-43,共9页
Journal of Northeast Agricultural University
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-36)。
关键词
荷斯坦奶公犊
代乳粉
生长性能
肉品质
脂肪酸
血液生化
Holstein bull calves
milk replacer
growth performance
meat quality
fatty acids
blood biochemistry
作者简介
孙满吉(1966-),男,教授,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为反刍动物生产与饲料科学。E-mail:sunmanji@163.com。
