摘要
2016年12月—2017年4、5月,在山东省荣成市爱莲湾水深5~15 m、15~20 m和20~30 m的低、中、高三个海带Saccharina japonica养殖区中,生产对照组和3~4个实验组,低、中、高区每公顷夹苗量分别为87808、84224、65856和59584棵;86016、68096、59136、46816和50176棵;86016、50176、46816和39424棵,研究适当降低夹苗密度对海带个体生长指标及综合产量的影响,探讨不同海域的合理密植。结果显示,降低夹苗密度对养殖低区的海带个体生长没有显著的影响,且过低的养殖密度引起总体产量降低,其原因可能与海带收割较早有关;养殖中区降低夹苗密度海带个体生长提高,其中每公顷夹苗46816棵组的效果最佳,海带的长、宽和单颗重分别比对照组高24.79%、27.64%和72.07%,且降低密度对产量影响较小(每公顷湿重降低6.35%);养殖高区的低密度组(每公顷夹苗46816棵)的海带个体生长仍然较好,单颗海带长、重分别提升24.52%和36.65%,且海带干湿比较对照组,提高11.07%。不同月份海水营养盐指标分析显示,总体上养殖高区的氮磷等营养盐水平高于同期的低区,每年3、4月份低区表层海水中的NH_(4)^(+)-N和NO_(3)^(-)-N的总含量低于50.00μg/L,处于氮元素贫瘠水平。综上所述,一定程度上降低中高区的海带养殖密度有利于海带的生长,但需综合考虑总产量和单颗海带生长指标的平衡,根据不同养殖区域设置合理的养殖密度,以达到提高海带养殖综合经济效益的目的。
Juvenile kelp(Saccharina japonica)were cultivated in the control group(long line raft production)and 3~4 test groups in 5~15 m(low),15~20 m(medium)and 20~30 m(high)water depth in kelp breeding area in Ailian Bay,coastal Rongcheng,Shandong Province at stocking density of 87,808,84,224,65,856 and 59,584 plants;86,016,68,096,59,136,46,816 and 50,176 plants;86,016,50,176,46,816 and 39,424 plants,respectively,from December 2016 to April and May 2017 to investigate the effect of appropriately reducing the seedling density on the individual growth indicators and comprehensive yield of kelp,and to explore the reasonable dense planting in different sea areas.Results showed that there were no effects of density on both growth and yield of the kelp in low zone(depth from 5 m to 15 m),with low yield of kelp at low-density compared to the traditional density(32×98,plants/rope×ropes/raft),which is probably attributed in the early harvest of kelp.In middle zone(depth from 15 to 20 m),however,decrease in density led to significantly increase the growth of kelp,and best effects were observed in the density of 46,816 plants/hm2(22×76)among the five densities,increased by 24.79%in leaf length,27.64%in leaf width and 72.07%in body weight and slightly decreased by 6.35%in yield(wet weight per hectare)of kelp than those in traditional density.There were better effects in high zone(depth from 20 to 30 m)at the density of 46,816 plants/hm2(22×76)than those in other density sets,increased by 24.52%in leaf length,36.65%in body weight and by 11%in fresh weight/dry weight ratio than those in traditional density.Overall,there were higher monthly nutrient levels in high zone than those in low zone,with total NH_(4)^(+)-N and NO_(3)^(-)-N contents of below 50.00μg/L,and nitrogen barren in the surface seawater was in March and April in low zone.In conclusion,decreasing density will increase the growth of kelp,however,the balance between yield and growth should be comprehensively considered,and the suitable densities should be set in different zones to gain a higher economic efficiency.
作者
闫令东
孙利芹
韩国栋
YAN Lingdong;SUN Liqin;HAN Guodong(Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China)
出处
《水产学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第4期87-93,共7页
Chinese Journal of Fisheries
基金
山东省重点研发计划(2019GHY112036)
烟台大学研究生科技创新基金(YDYB2035).
作者简介
闫令东(1995-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为藻类养殖.E-mail:yan-lingdong@qq.com;通信作者:孙利芹,教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为藻类养殖及高值化资源化开发利用.E-mail:sliqin2005@163.com;通信作者:韩国栋,讲师,研究方向为潮间带生物生理生态学.E-mail:hangd@ytu.edu.cn。
