摘要
永定河自20世纪70年代开始面临断流、生态功能退化等问题,对永定河河流廊道植物景观进行评价,能为其植物修复规划提供重要依据,并对河流廊道的综合治理与生态修复具有重要意义。以永定河沙质断流区为研究区段,兼顾上游山峡段与平原郊野段,选取23个样地、96个样方,利用AHP层次分析法构建综合评价指标体系,对其生态和美学特性进行综合评价。结果表明:1)山峡段样地的平均得分最高(2.514分),较好地保留了自然生态特征,整体状态最优;平原郊野段样地平均得分次之(2.172分),植物受到一定侵扰,植物景观整体状态一般;平原城市段样地平均得分最低(1.981分),植物近自然生态环境普遍丧失,植物景观状态差。2)超半数以上的样地处于较差与差的状态,生态效应指标中的植物丰富度指数、植被缓冲带宽度、河岸植被带平均高度与层次丰富性指标评分均不理想,美学效应指标普遍较低,这些都是河流廊道植物景观修复中的关键性控制因子。基于研究结果,未来研究可考虑永定河不同区段的客观建设条件,结合各评价指标的优化控制值对植物景观进行改善。
Since the 1970 s, the Yongding River has been confronted with such problems as flow interruption and ecological function degradation. The evaluation of the plant landscape along the Yongding River corridor not only can provide an important basis for its plant restoration planning, but also is greatly significant for the comprehensive management and ecological restoration of the river corridor. Taking the sandy dry-flow area of the Yongding River as the research section, the study selects 96 quadrats and 36 sample plots from the section as well as in the upstream gorge section and the downstream plain section, and adopts the analytic hierarchy process to construct a comprehensive evaluation index system for the evaluation of their ecological and aesthetic characteristics. The results show that: 1) The average score of the sample plots in the gorge section is the highest(2.514), where the natural ecological characteristics are well preserved and the whole state of plant landscape is the best;the average score for plain section(countryside) is the second(2.172), indicating that plants are disturbed to a certain extent and the overall state of the plant landscape is comparatively good;the average score for plain section(urban) is the lowest(1.981 points), presenting that there are seldom the close-natural ecological environment and the state of the plant landscape is poor;2) More than half of the plots are in relatively poor or poor condition. The scores of plant richness index, the width of the plant buffer zone, the average height of riparian plant zone, and the level richness index are not good enough, and the aesthetic effect indices are generally low, which are all the key control factors to plant landscape restoration along the river corridor. Based on the research results, it is suggested that the future plant landscapes could be improved by considering the objective conditions of different sections of the Yongding River as well as the optimal control values of each evaluation index.
作者
杨瑞莹
刘璐
刘志成
张任菲
李豪
苏俊伊
Yang Ruiying;Liu Lu;Liu Zhicheng;Zhang Renfei;Li Hao;Su Junyi(School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《中国城市林业》
2022年第4期116-122,共7页
Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry
基金
国家科技重大专项“永定河(北京段)河流廊道生态修复技术与示范(2018ZX07101005)专题:绿色河流廊道生态景观单元优化配置技术研究”(2018ZX07101005-03-01)。
关键词
永定河
植物景观评价
河流廊道
AHP层次分析法
Yongding River
plant landscape evaluation
river corridor
Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)
作者简介
第一作者:杨瑞莹(1996-),女,博士生,研究方向为风景园林规划与设计、河流生态修复。E-mail:yangry@bjfu.edu.cn;通信作者:刘志成(1964-),男,博士,教授,研究方向为风景园林规划与设计、城乡生态网络构建、河流生态修复。E-mail:zhicheng_liu@bjfu.edu.cn。
