摘要
新冠疫情不仅危害身体健康,也造成了恐慌、焦虑等负面情绪和心理压力。公园作为城市中重要的恢复性环境,具有纾解精神压力、培育积极情绪等健康促进功效,但疫情影响下其感知恢复性的影响机制尚不明晰。因此基于恢复性环境相关理论与新冠疫情对城市居民时空间行为的影响,建构城市公园感知恢复性的影响模型,并以徐州市5座城市公园为调研对象获取实证数据,从而对理论模型中的作用路径进行验证。结果表明,新冠疫情期间,城市公园感知恢复性的影响路径有三种,包括:“疫情影响→感知恢复性”和“环境特征→感知恢复性”两种简单路径和“疫情影响→可达性(或行为模式)→感知恢复性”的复杂路径。路径检验证明可达性和行为模式作为疫情影响公园感知恢复性的中介,其中可达性的作用更显著。识别这一作用路径对流行性疾病蔓延时期提升城市公园恢复效力具有一定的指导意义。
COVID-19 can not only cause physical health damages,but also bring negative emotional and psychological pressures,such as panic seizures and anxiety.As an important restorative environment in cities,parks can relieve spiritual pressure,train positive emotions,and promote health conditions.Nevertheless,COVID-19 can also significantly influence the recovery efficiency of urban parks.From the existing works in the literature,the impact of COVID-19 on the use and perception of green spaces from a single layer,such as traveling mode,access frequencies,behavioral purposes,and so on has been discussed.However,the underlying multifactor systematic influencing mechanism still remains unknown.Under this perspective,the goal of this work is to quantize the effects of the different factors on the perception recovery of parks during COVID-19,recognize key elements and influencing paths,and thereby propose corresponding planning and design strategies.From the relevant research results,a positive effect in promoting the construction of urban restorative spatial environments in the"post-epidemic"age was demonstrated.Firstly,hypotheses of the correlation model between COVID-19 and the perception restoration of parks were proposed based on a thorough literature review.Meanwhile,various multidimensional variables like environmental characteristics,behavioral modes,accessibility,and subjective well-being were determined.Secondly,the major part of the employed questionnaire was developed according to the proposed model.A survey scale involving 5 latent variables and 17 measurement indexes was built.Moreover,visitors in 5 different parks in Xuzhou City were invited to the questionnaire survey,getting 364 effective research samples.Finally,a statistical analysis of data based on the implementation of SPSS24.0 and Amos24.0 software packages was carried out.Reliability and validity of the scale,degree of fitting of the model and hypotheses were also tested.All hypotheses were proved true except that not a significant relationship between subjective well-being and the perception recovery of parks was detected.Moreover,the influencing model and the standardization coefficient were gained.From the acquired results,it was demonstrated that the environmental characteristics(β=0.291,P<0.001),accessibility(β=0.657,P<0.050),and behavioral mode(β=0.328,P<0.001)have a significantly positive influence on the perception recovery of parks.Additionally,the environmental characteristics have a significantly positive impact on the behavioral mode(β=0.250,P<0.001).COVID-19 has a significantly negative influence on the accessibility(β=-0.886,P<0.001),behavioral mode(β=-0.397,P<0.001),and subjective well-being(β=-0.861,P<0.001).From a general point of view,COVID-19 has a significantly negative impact on the perception recovery of parks(β=-0.989,P<0.050).Therefore,the following conclusions could be drawn:three influencing paths of perception recovery of urban parks during COVID-19 can be found including two simple paths("COVID-19→perception recovery"and"environmental characteristics→perception recovery"),and one more complicated path("COVID-19→accessibility(or behavioral mode)→perception recovery").According to the test of the paths,accessibility and behavioral mode are considered intermediary agents for COVID-19 to influence the perception recovery of parks.In particular,accessibility has a more significant influence.It can be also observed from the comparison of the path coefficients that the observation variables like physical distance,perception accessibility,social activities,activity support,and comfort have higher evaluation contributions than the other variables.On this basis,this work puts forward the planning and design suggestions of urban parks in response to COVID-19 by focusing on the two key influencing factors of"accessibility"and"behavioral mode".First,it was suggested to improve the construction of the park network system,optimize the accessibility layout,and create a safely perceived urban green space.Second,the various outdoor activity facilities inside the park should be optimized,and the low-risk public activity venues should be constructed in accordance with the special characteristics of COVID-19.
出处
《南方建筑》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第8期57-64,共8页
South Architecture
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2021QN1039):基于注意力恢复的中小学校空间环境影响机制及设计策略。
作者简介
王诗琪,中国矿业大学建筑与设计学院,副教授,电子邮箱:wangshiqi@cumt.edu.cn。
