摘要
雨水径流污染已成为城市受纳水体水环境恶化的主要原因之一。目前针对雨水径流的研究主要集中在大城市,而针对数量众多、面积较大、人口密集及卫生环境欠佳的小城镇研究较少。而且,传统的雨水径流水质是用单个污染物的浓度或负荷表征,这忽略了污染物之间的耦合作用,因此无法综合表征雨水径流水质的优劣。据此,该研究选取了广东省汕头市典型小城镇为研究对象,从污染物浓度和毒性2个角度深入解析了小城镇不同下垫面的雨水径流水质特征。研究结果表明,小城镇雨水径流的化学需氧量、总氮、氨氮、总磷和固体悬浮物等污染物指标的场次降雨径流平均浓度值分别介于8~491、0.09~17.33、0.05~9.62、0.02~0.83、3~3090 mg/L之间。主干道和次干道雨水径流的重金属污染较严重,居民区雨水径流氮、磷污染严重,而学校路段和屋顶雨水径流污染较轻。从蛋白核小球藻的毒性实验结果来看,主干道、次干道和居民区道路雨水径流均对蛋白核小球藻的生长量、叶绿素a的合成量产生了一定的抑制作用并促进了胞内过氧化氢酶的生成;但学校路段和屋顶污染物浓度较低,未对小球藻生长产生明显抑制作用。研究成果能够为小城镇雨水径流污染管控提供重要的数据支撑,也为受雨水径流污染的受纳水体生态风险控制提供了理论支持。
Stormwater runoff is one of the primary pollutant sources of urban receiving waters.Although there are a number of stormwater runoff studies focusing on big cities,it is extremely limited on small towns which are characterized by a large number,big areas,dense population and poor sanitation.In addition,conventional approaches to indicating stormwater quality are to use single pollutant’concentrations/loads.However,this approach cannot represent the integrated effects all pollutants have and hence is incapable of comprehensively indicating stormwater quality.This study selected a typical small town,located at Shantou,Guangdong and explored its stormwater quality characteristics from different surfaces(arterial roads,secondary roads,residential roads,school roads and roofs)using both concentrations and toxicity(indicating the integrated effects all pollutants have).The research outcomes showed that the event mean concentrations of chemical oxygen demand,total nitrogen,ammonia nitrogen,total phosphorus,and suspended solids were 8~491、0.09~17.33、0.05~9.62、0.02~0.83 and 3~3090 mg/L,respectively.The stormwater runoff from arterial roads and secondary roads were primarily polluted by heavy metals while residential roads’runoff contained higher concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus.Stormwater runoff from school roads and roofs were less polluted.In terms of toxicity tested by Chlorella pyrenoidosa,stormwater runoff from arterial roads,secondary roads and residential roads inhibited the algae cell growth and chlorophyll a synthesis,leading to high amounts of intracellular catalase while stormwater runoff from school roads and roofs did not show significant toxicity to the algae.The research can provide useful insight on small towns’stormwater pollution mitigation as well as ecological health risk control of receiving waters.
作者
卢嘉欣
范中亚
罗千里
江颖
范珊珊
林树锋
刘安
LU Jiaxin;FAN Zhongya;LUO Qianli;JIANG Ying;FAN Shanshan;LIN Shufeng;LIU An(College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China;South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China,Guangzhou 510530,China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期69-78,共10页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
广东省重点领域研发计划(2019B110205003)
国家自然科学基金(52170100,U21A2036)
广东省自然科学基金(2019A1515010843)
深圳市科学创新委员会项目(20200813094050001,JCYJ20200109113006046)。
作者简介
卢嘉欣(1996-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为城市面源污染管控,(电子信箱)1910223011@email.szu.edu.cn;通讯作者:刘安,(电子信箱)liuan@szu.edu.cn。
