摘要
为了解近年我国水稻主产区水稻干尖线虫Aphelenchoides besseyi种群的生物学特性,并为寻找新的水稻干尖线虫病害防控方法,通过在胡萝卜愈伤组织、灰葡萄孢菌Botrytis cinerea和水稻中培养水稻干尖线虫的方法对其生殖方式、生活史和温度对其存活能力的影响及其在水稻中的分布进行研究。结果表明,在供试的12个水稻干尖线虫种群中,只有G8-315种群可孤雌生殖;在25℃下,水稻干尖线虫在胡萝卜愈伤组织和灰葡萄孢菌上生活史均约为12 d,在水稻苗上生活史约为11 d;-20℃以下低温或42℃以上高温处理12 h,在清水、胡萝卜愈伤组织和灰葡萄孢菌中水稻干尖线虫存活率均显著下降,处理72 h水稻干尖线虫存活率均为0;带虫干燥谷粒在-80、-20和4℃低温保存6个月后,谷粒内水稻干尖线虫存活率均显著低于25℃(对照),其中-80℃保存的谷粒内水稻干尖线虫存活率为0;56、70和80℃高温处理12 h后,2个水稻品种谷粒内水稻干尖线虫存活率均显著下降,80℃处理16 h后2个水稻品种谷粒内水稻干尖线虫存活率均为0;水稻幼苗各部位均可检测出水稻干尖线虫,其中假茎部位水稻干尖线虫数量最多,此外多数谷粒不携带水稻干尖线虫,携带线虫的谷粒呈无规则随机分布。
In order to understand the biological characteristics of different populations of rice white-tip nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi distributed in the main rice production areas in China in recent years,and to provide a basis for seeking new methods to prevent and control the white tip disease of rice,the reproduction mode,life cycle,survival rates of A.besseyi at high and low temperatures and its distribution in rice were investigated by culturing the nematodes in carrot callus,Botrytis cinerea and rice seedlings.The results showed that,among the 12 tested populations,only the population G8-315 was parthenogenetic.At 25℃,the life cycle of A.besseyi averaged 12 days either in carrot callus or on B.cinerea,but 11 days in rice seedlings.The treatment at temperatures below-20℃or above 42℃for 12 h significantly decreased the survival rates of A.besseyi in water,in carrot callus or in B.cinerea.The survival rate of A.besseyi in the above three media was 0 after treatment for 72 h.The survival rates of A.besseyi in the desiccated rice grains stored at-80,-20,and 4℃for six months were significantly lower than that in the control grains stored at 25℃.The nematode survival rate decreased to 0 when the infested grains were stored at-80℃for six months.Treatment at 56,70 and 80℃for 12 h also significantly decreased the survival rates of A.besseyi in the grains of the two rice varieties.The survival rate decreased to 0 when the infested grains of both varieties were treated at 80℃for 16 h.Aphelenchoides besseyi could be detected in all parts of the rice seedlings,and the highest number of nematodes was found in the cauloid.In the diseased panicles,A.besseyi was not detected in the majority of grains,and an irregular and random distribution of the infested grains was observed.
作者
谢家廉
杨芳
徐幸
王步云
彭云良
姬红丽
Xie Jialian;Yang Fang;Xu Xing;Wang Buyun;Peng Yunliang;Ji Hongli(Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pests on Crops in Southwest China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Plant Protection,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066,Sichuan Province,China;Beijing Plant Protection Station,Beijing 102206,China;National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology,China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou 311404,Zhejiang Province,China)
出处
《植物保护学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期816-823,共8页
Journal of Plant Protection
基金
四川省科技计划(2018JY0628,2021YFYZ0021)
财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-01-41)
四川省农业科学院现代农业学科建设推荐工程(2021XKJS092)。
关键词
线虫
水稻干尖线虫
孤雌生殖
极端温度
存活率
分布
介质
nematode
Aphelenchoides besseyi
parthenogenesis
extreme temperature
survival rate
distribution
medium
作者简介
通信作者:彭云良,E-mail:350973132@qq.com;通信作者:姬红丽,45066367@qq.com。
