摘要
【目的】分析文山州植烟土壤中、微量养分含量现状及其区域空间变异规律,以期为文山烟区土壤养分管理和合理施肥提供指导。【方法】利用GPS定位采集文山州8个植烟县核心烟田耕层土壤样品2740个,采用地统计学和地理信息系统(GIS)分析土壤养分状况和区域变异特征。【结果】土壤交换性钙和镁、有效硼以及水溶性氯含量的均值分别为2507.72、278.60、0.30和10.99 mg/kg,变异系数分别为76.54%、79.39%、60.01%和105.64%,均属于强变异。交换性钙和镁含量分别集中在高至极高、中等至极高水平,分别占研究区的91.29%和89.66%;土壤有效硼含量分布以≥0.2~0.5 mg/kg和<0.2 mg/kg区域为主;水溶性氯含量分布以≥5~10 mg/kg和≥10~15 mg/kg区域为主,有效硼和水溶性氯缺乏区域分别占研究区的94.88%和97.23%。4种养分均表现为各向异性分布,具有中等空间自相关性(块基比为25%~75%),其变异受自然和人为因素共同作用。【结论】文山烟区土壤交换性钙较高,有效硼和水溶性氯含量存在中度和重度缺乏,文山、砚山、丘北、马关、广南和麻栗坡的镁含量适中,西畴和富宁约10%的土壤缺镁。烤烟生产中应控制施含钙肥料,降低钙镁比,采取适宜的施肥方式补施硼、氯和镁,以提高烟叶产量和品质。
[Purpose]To analyze the current status and spatial variation of soil medium and micro nutrient in the major regions of tobacco production in Wenshan,so as to provide the guidance for soil nutrient management and fertilization stratagem.[Methods]A total of 2740 soil samples were collected from the plough layer of core tobacco field in eight tobacco-growing counties in Wenshan.GPS positioning,geostatistics and geographic information systems(GIS)were used to investigate the soil nutrient status and regional variation characteristics.[Results]The mean values of exchangeable calcium and magnesium,available boron,and water-soluble chlorine in soil were 2507.72,278.60,0.30,and 10.99 mg/kg,respectively;and their coefficients of variation were 76.54%,79.39%,60.01%and 105.64%,respectively,which belonged to strong variation.The contents of exchangeable calci-um and magnesium were mainly varied at high to higher level,medium to over high,which occupied 91.29%and 89.66%of the total samples,respectively.Soil available boron content was mainly dis-tributed in≥0.2-0.5 mg/kg and<0.2 mg/kg regions.The distribution of water-soluble chlorine con-tent was mainly in≥5-10 mg/kg and≥10-15 mg/kg regions,and the proportion of deficiency avail-able boron and water-soluble chlorine regions was 94.88%and 97.23%,respectively.All the four nu-trients showed anisotropic distribution with moderate spatial autocorrelation(nugget to sill ratio was 25%-75%),and their variation was combined effect of natural factors with anthropic activities.[Conclusion]The exchangeable calcium is higher,available boron and water-soluble chloride con-tent belong to moderate to severe lack in tobacco-growing soil.The exchangeable magnesium content of tobacco-growing soil is moderate in Wenshan,Yanshan,Qiubei,Maguan,Guangnan and Malipo,and the deficiency magnesium is about 10%of the soil in Xichou and Funing.For tobacco production of Wenshan Prefecture,the amount of calcium fertilizer should be reduced to regulate Ca/Mg,and taking appropriate pattern of fertilizing boron,chlorine and magnesium to improve tobacco yield and quality.
作者
李鹏飞
余小芬
杨树明
朱艳梅
邹炳礼
徐天养
王影
邱学礼
LI Pengfei;YU Xiaofen;YANG Shuming;ZHU Yanmei;ZOU Bingli;XU Tianyang;WANG Ying;QIU Xueli(Wenshan Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company,Wenshan 663099,China;Institue of Agricultural Environment&Resources,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China)
出处
《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期703-709,共7页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
基金
中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划项目(2020530000242021)。
关键词
地理信息系统
植烟土壤
中微量养分
空间变异
文山
GIS
tobacco-planting soil
medium and micro nutrient
spatial variability
Wenshan
作者简介
李鹏飞(1981-),男,湖南衡阳人,博士,农艺师,主要从事土壤保育和绿色生态烟叶研究。E-mail:23084838@qq.com;通信作者:杨树明(1973-),男,云南武定人,博士,研究员,主要从事土壤肥料与农业环境研究。E-mail:1569885088@qq.com。
