摘要
植被作为河流系统重要的阻力因素,在河道形态演变方面发挥着至关重要的作用。植被地表结构改变了河道水流阻力、河床切应力、流速分布及水流紊动特性,植被根系增强了岸滩土体强度和稳定性。从植被地表茎干结构对水流特性影响和植被地下根系加筋作用对岸滩稳固影响两个方面的研究进行了回顾和综述,并指出今后在植被水流研究方面,可进一步考虑植被枝、叶对水流特性的影响,加强对柔性植被变形、摆动引起的动边界问题的研究,以及全面考虑河道形态边界条件的影响,特别是含植被的分汊河道水流特性还需深入研究;在植被根系固土护岸方面,可同时考虑岸滩土体非均质性、河道水流对岸滩的侵蚀冲刷作用及水体渗流对岸滩土体力学特性的影响;在植被河道形态演变预测方面,可以综合考虑含植被河道的水动力学及土力学问题,以及两者间的互馈响应机制。
As an important resistance factor of the river system,vegetation plays a vital role in the evolution of river morphology.The existence of the vegetation above ground structure changes the resistance of the river channel,the shear stress of the river bed,the velocity distribution and the turbulence characteristics of the river flow.At the same time,the existence of the vegetation roots can enhance the strength and stability of the riparian soil.This article reviews the effects of vegetation stems on water flow characteristics and the effects of vegetation roots on the stability of riparian,and points out that in future vegetation water flow research,the influence of vegetation branches and leaves on water flow characteristics,as well as the deformation and swing of flexible vegetation under the action of water flow,should be further considered.And the impact of the boundary conditions of the river forms should be fully considered,particularly the vegetation characteristics of branching river need further studies.In the aspect of vegetation root system for soil consolidation and bank protection,the heterogeneity of the riparian soil,the erosion of the river flow on the riparian,and the impact of water seepage on the mechanical properties of the beach soil should be considered at the same time.In the prediction of vegetation river evolution,the hydrodynamic problems and soil mechanics problems with vegetation and the mutual feedback response mechanism between them should also be comprehensively considered.
作者
郝由之
假冬冬
张幸农
吴磊
陈长英
HAO Youzhi;JIA Dongdong;ZHANG Xingnong;WU Lei;CHEN Changying(State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China;Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development,Nanjing 210098,China)
出处
《水利水运工程学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期1-11,共11页
Hydro-Science and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2040215,52079080,51779148)。
关键词
植被
河道
水流
根系
岸滩
vegetation
river
water flow
root system
river bank
作者简介
郝由之(1994-),女,山西忻州人,博士研究生,主要从事河流动力学研究。E-mail:hao_youzhi@foxmail.com;通信作者:假冬冬,E-mail:ddjia@nhri.cn。
