摘要
黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展是我国新时代的重大战略任务。探究黄河流域PM_(2.5)浓度的时空变化趋势,并分析其社会经济影响因素,对该地区的大气污染防治和实现高质量发展具有重要意义。本文采用时间序列趋势估计、空间自相关分析、地理探测器和地理加权回归方法,揭示了“十三五”时期年黄河流域不同尺度(全流域以及61个地级市)PM_(2.5)浓度值和变化趋势的时空分异特征,定量探究了社会经济因素对PM;浓度的影响机制及其时空过程。结果表明:(1)在“十三五”时期,黄河流域的PM_(2.5)污染情况整体好转,其浓度呈波动下降的趋势,平均每年下降约4.2μg/m^(3),彰显了我国大气污染防治攻坚战取得的重要成效;(2)山东、河南、山西和陕西的PM_(2.5)浓度值较高,但山东、河南改善速度较快,山西和陕西改善速度较慢;(3)以目前的改善速率推算,在黄河流域61个地级市中,54个市将能够完成“十四五”规划中PM_(2.5)浓度下降10%的目标,而咸阳、西安、榆林、太原、临汾、运城、晋城7市将难以完成;(4)人口密度、工业企业数、土地利用强度是导致黄河流域PM;浓度升高的主要社会经济因素,其解释力均达到50%以上;(5)从2015—2019年,土地利用程度指数和人口密度的主要影响区域均转移至黄河流域中部地区,建议山西、陕西、内蒙古应作为下一阶段治理工作关注的重点区域;(6)促进与环境承载力相协调的城乡发展、控制工业规模并提高其环保水平,是进一步治理黄河流域大气污染的重要策略。
The ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin is a major mission in the new era of China,and the air pollution abatement is among the necessities of the high-quality development.It is of great significance to explore the spatiotemporal variation of PM_(2.5) and its socio-economic influencing mechanisms for the air pollution abatement and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.By conducting time series estimation,spatial autocorrelation analysis,geodetector,and geographically weighted regression,this paper reveals the spatiotemporal variations and trends of PM_(2.5) concentration from 2015 to 2020in the Yellow River Basin,and quantitatively explores the driving mechanism of socio-economic factors on both watershed scale and city scale.The main findings are as follows:(1)During the study period,the Yellow River Basin has an overall reduction in PM_(2.5) pollution.The PM_(2.5) concentration decreases with a fluctuating downward trend of 4.2μg/m^(3) per year on average;(2)The PM_(2.5) concentrations in Shandong and Henan are high but decrease fast,whereas the concentrations in Shanxi and Shaanxi are also high but decrease slowly;(3)Future prediction based on the current trend shows that among the 61 cities in the Yellow River Basin,54 cities will achieve the goal asserted in the 14;Five Year Plan of China,which proposes to reduce PM_(2.5) concentration by 10%in 2025.However,it would be a struggle for other 7 cities,i.e.,Jincheng,Xi’an,Yulin,Taiyuan,Linfen,and Yuncheng,to meet the policy requirement due to their heavier pollution and slower improvements;(4)Population density,industrial enterprises amount,and land use intensity are the main socio-economic factors leading to the increasement of PM_(2.5) concentration in the Yellow River Basin,of which the explanatory power reached more than 50%;(5)From 2015 to 2019,the main regions influenced by high land use intensity and population density are transferred to the central part of the Yellow River Basin,which indicates that Shanxi,Shaanxi,and Inner Mongolia should be regarded as the key area to carry out the PM_(2.5) control programs;(6)Promoting the urbanrural development coordinated with environmental carrying capacity,as well as controlling the industrial scale and improving the environmental protection level of industrial enterprises are practical strategies to control the PM_(2.5)pollution in the Yellow River basin.Findings of this study are expected to provide theoretical reference for relevant decision makers in order to boost the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.
作者
耿佳辰
沈石
程昌秀
GENG Jiachen;SHEN Shi;CHENG Changxiu(State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
出处
《地球信息科学学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期1163-1175,共13页
Journal of Geo-information Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42041007)。
关键词
大气污染
污染防治
时间序列估计
空间自相关
地理探测器
地理加权回归
高质量发展
“十四五”规划
Air pollution
pollution treatment
time series estimation
spatial autocorrelation analysis
geodetector
geographically weighted regression
high-quality development
the 14th Five Year Plan of China
作者简介
耿佳辰(1998-),男,北京人,硕士生,主要从事地理数据挖掘与分析研究。E-mail:gengjc@mail.bnu.edu.cn;通讯作者:程昌秀(1973-),女,新疆乌鲁木齐人,教授,博导,主要从事地理数据挖掘与分析研究。E-mail:chengcx@bnu.edu.cn。
