摘要
传感器布置是桥梁结构健康监测的重要环节,复杂桥梁监测项目多、结构自由度也多,全部自由度都布置传感器不现实,也不合理,使用最少的传感器获得尽可能完备的桥梁结构信息是传感器优化布置的目的。目前桥梁结构健康监测传感器优化布置的方法都存在自身的缺陷和不足,尤其是在模态选取时多数依据经验,既不科学,也不够严谨。针对桥梁结构健康监测传感器优化布置问题,通过反映结构损伤的灵敏度系数来修正最大线性无关的有效独立法,进而提出了灵敏度-有效独立法。该方法进行桥梁结构传感器优化布置时,通过矢量运算将两者结合,既考虑了模态的可观测性,又应用到损伤的可识别性。同时提出了基于模态贴近度选取模态数目的方法,以数学解法解决了桥梁动力系统结构模态数目选取依赖经验、客观性差等问题,让模态数目的选取更加客观和合理。实例分析表明,采用提出的方法对桥梁结构健康监测传感器进行优化布置,使用多种评价准则评估效果都较为理想,是一种适合桥梁结构的传感器优化布置方法。
Sensor arrangement is an important part of bridge structure health monitoring.Complex bridge has many monitoring items and many structural degrees of freedom,so it is unrealistic and unreasonable to arrange sensors for all the degrees of freedom.The purpose of optimal sensor arrangement is to obtain as complete bridge structure information as possible by using the least number of sensors.At present,the optimal arrangement of sensors for bridge structure health monitoring has its own defects and deficiencies,especially in the mode selection,which is mostly based on experience,neither scientific nor rigorous enough.In view of the problem of optimal arrangement of sensors for bridge structural health monitoring,the maximum linearly independent effective independent method is modified by using the sensitivity coefficient that reflects the structural damage,a sensitivity and effective independent method is proposed.When the method is used to optimize the layout of sensors on bridge structure,both of them are combined through vector calculation,which not only considers the observability of the mode,but also applies to the identifiability of damage.At the same time,a method for selecting the number of modes based on the modal closeness is proposed,and the problems of relying on experience and poor objectivity in the selection of mode numbers of the bridge dynamic system structure by using mathematical solution are solved,making the selection of the number of modes more objective and reasonable.The example analysis shows that When the proposed method is used to optimize the layout of sensors for bridge structure health monitoring,the evaluation results using a variety of evaluation criteria are ideal,it is an optimal sensor arrangement method suitable for bridge structures.
作者
杨志魁
杨雅勋
于海波
YANG Zhi-kui;YANG Ya-xun;YU Hai-bo(School of Civil Engineering,Shaanxi Vocational and Technical College,Xi’an Shaanxi 710000,China;School of Highway,Chang’an University,Xi’an Shaanxi 710000,China)
出处
《公路交通科技》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期83-92,共10页
Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51878059)。
关键词
桥梁工程
传感器优化布置
灵敏度-有效独立法
桥梁结构
模态贴近度
bridge engineering
sensitivity coefficient
sensitivity and effective independence method
bridge structure
modal closeness
作者简介
杨志魁(1985-),男,河南荥阳人,硕士.(296816387@qq.com)。
