摘要
为了研究食用菌菌糠配施化肥对滨海盐碱耕地的改良效果,探索出一项绿色、高效、节约型的改良培肥技术,试验设置了空白对照CK(不施肥)、T1(单施化肥)、T2(90%化肥+10%菌糠)、T3(70%化肥+30%菌糠)、T4(50%化肥+50%菌糠)和T5(30%化肥+70%菌糠)共6个处理组。研究结果表明:食用菌菌糠配施化肥对滨海盐碱耕地的改良效果显著优于CK及T1处理组。(1)土壤物理性状:T3和T4处理组的土壤容重都显著下降(P<0.05),分别下降9.79%和17.48%;与CK相比,孔隙度变化也均表现出显著性差异(P<0.05)。(2)土壤化学性状:随着菌糠施用量的增加,土壤的pH值及碱化度整体上呈下降趋势,土壤阳离子交换量呈增加趋势,其中T5组效果最佳。(3)土壤酶活性:随着菌糠施用量的增加,土壤脲酶活性表现为先增后降,T4处理组的效果最好,脲酶活性高达1.65 mg·g^(-1)·d^(-1);同时T4处理组土壤转化酶活性最高,较CK提高18.19%。(4)土壤有机质和全氮、有效磷、速效钾养分:T2、T3、T4及T5处理组土壤有机质含量与CK相比显著增加了12.75%-88.68%(P<0.05),随着菌糠施用量的增加,有机质含量呈增长趋势。菌糠施用量较小时,增氮效果与单施化肥无明显差异,菌糠施用量加大,土壤增氮效果逐渐显著。菌糠施用量为3582.80 kg·hm^(-2)时,有效磷含量最高(18.5 mg·kg^(-1))。与CK相比,T2处理组速效钾含量无明显变化,其他各处理土壤速效钾含量显著升高(P<0.05),增幅依次为T4>T3>T5>T1。因此,盐碱地改良采用食用菌菌糠与化肥配合施用,是一种绿色、高效的有效措施,综合分析,T4处理组改良效果最好。
In order to study the improvement effect of spent mushroom substrates(SMS)with chemical fertilizer(HF)on the coastal saline-alkali farmland soil and explore an ecological and efficient improvement technology,6 treatments were set up,including:(1)CK;(2)T1(single application of chemical fertilizer,100%HF);(3)T2(90%HF+10%SMS);(4)T3(70%HF+30%SMS);(5)T4(50%HF+50%SMS);(6)T2(70%HF+30%SMS).The results showed that the improvement effect of SMS with chemical fertilizer was significantly better than that of CK and T1.(1)Soil physical properties:soil bulk density of T3 and T4 treatments significantly decreased by 9.79%and 17.48%,respectively(P<0.05),and soil porosity also increased significantly,compared with CK.(2)Soil chemical properties:with the increase of SMS,the soil pH and alkalinity showed a downward trend,the cation exchange capacity(CEC)showed an increasing trend and the CEC content of T5 treatment was the highest.(3)Soil enzyme properties:with the increase of the amount of SMS,the activity of soil urease first increased and then decreased.The urease activity of T4 treatment was the highest(1.65 mg·g^(-1)·d^(-1)).At the same time,the invertase activity of T4 treatment was the highest,and increased by 18.19%compared with CK.(4)Soil organic matter and total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium nutrients:compared with CK,the soil organic matter of T2,T3,T4 and T5 treatments increased by 12.75%~88.68%(P<0.05).With the increase of the SMS,the content of soil total nitrogen increased gradually.The content of available phosphorus was the highest(18.5mg·kg^(-1))when the amount of SMS was 3582.80 kg·hm^(-2).There was no significant change in the content of available potassium of T2 treatment,but the available potassium in other treatments increased significantly(P<0.05),and the increasing order was T4>T3>T5>T1.Therefore,the combination of SMS and chemical fertilizer was a green,efficient and effective measure for saline-alkali soil improvement.Comprehensive analysis showed that T4 treatment was the best.
作者
王春霞
许子洁
王晶
郑素月
WANG Chun-xia;XU Zi-jie;WANG Jing;ZHENG Su-yue(School of Landscape and Ecological Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan Hebei 056038)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期99-105,共7页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
河北省现代农业产业技术体系食用菌创新团队建设专项(HBCT2018050202)
平菇种质资源创制与新品种选育研究(19222903D)
邯郸市固体废弃物资源化利用水平研究(2020027)。
关键词
海滨盐碱耕地改良
食用菌菌糠
化肥
配施
improvement of coastal saline-alkali farmland
spent mushroom substrates
chemical fertilizer
combination
作者简介
王春霞(1989-),讲师,博士,主要从事食用菌遗传育种研究。E-mail:wangchunxia@hebeu.edu.cn;通讯作者:郑素月,E-mail:zhengsuyue@sina.com。
