摘要
运用几何光学理论,探讨一般三棱镜的顶角大小问题,得到棱镜最小入射角与顶角的关系,以及棱镜最大顶角与折射率的关系.研究发现,棱镜折射率须大于两侧折射率,才能从观察面观察到出射光线,才能应用最小偏向角法测量棱镜的折射率.运用Matlab分析给定的棱镜折射率或棱镜两侧折射率对应的最大顶角与折射率的关系,结果表明,最大顶角与折射率呈非线性变化,且对折射率的取值范围有一定要求.此结果与理论分析一致.该研究对三棱镜顶角的大小、折射率的要求等的教学、实验和研究都具有很好的实践和指导意义.
The relationship between the minimum incident angle and the vertex angle of the prism,as well as the relationship between the maximum vertex angle and the refractive index of the prism are obtained by using geometrical optics theory to explore the apex angle of a general prism.The analysis shows that the refractive index of the prism must be greater than that of both sides in order to observe the outgoing light from the observation surface,then the refractive index of the prism can be measured by the minimum deflection angle method.We analyze the relationship between the maximum vertex angle and the refractive index corresponding to the refractive index on both sides of the prism or the refractive index for a given prism by using MATLAB.The results show that the maximum vertex angle changes with the refractive index nonlinearly with consideration of the value range of the refractive index.The results are consistent with the theoretical analysis.The research on the vertex angle of the prism and the refractive index provides good references for teaching,experiment and research.
作者
王梦影
顾菊观
徐海斌
WANG Mengying;GU Juguan;XU Haibin(School of Science,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,China)
出处
《湖州师范学院学报》
2022年第4期34-39,共6页
Journal of Huzhou University
基金
国家自然科学基金委理论物理专款“高校理论物理学术交流和人才培养平台建设项目”(12047568).
关键词
一般三棱镜
最小入射角
最大顶角
折射率
general prism
minimum incident angle
maximum vertex angle
refractive index
作者简介
通信作者:顾菊观,教授,研究方向:光学.E mail:gjg@zjhu.edu.cn。
