摘要
为了明确草浆地膜覆盖在苗期大豆上的应用效果,采用对比方法,研究草浆地膜覆盖技术对土壤状况、植株与杂草长势等方面的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,草浆地膜处理减少了水分散失,地膜表面湿度下降9.31百分点,从而减少了水分蒸发,土壤含水量提高19.09百分点,但是对土壤温度影响不大;草浆地膜处理大豆出苗率和出苗势均降低12.50百分点,但株高和茎粗分别提高0.47 cm和0.11 mm,同时草浆地膜处理植株后叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量等出现不同变化,叶片SPAD值和叶面积分别提高1.58和10.99 cm^(2);此外,草浆地膜处理的杂草种类、密度、盖度和生物量均低于对照,其中蒺藜草、灰绿藜2种杂草的密度和盖度指标处理间差异显著,草浆地膜处理的总密度和总盖度显著低于对照。因此,草浆地膜虽然不能提高土壤温度,但由于其具有良好的土壤保水效果,能够促进大豆苗期植株的生长,并可减少杂草滋生,具有较大的生产推广潜力。
In order to make clear the application effect of straw-pulp film covering on soybean seedlings,we used the comparative method to clarify the application effect of straw pulp mulching on the aspects of soil condition,plant and weed growth for soybean at seedling stage in the study.The results showed that compared with the CK,the straw pulp mulching treatment reduced water loss,the surface humidity of mulching film decreased by 5.06%,thus the water evaporation was reduced and the soil water content was increased by 2.92%,but there was little effect on soil temperature.The emergence rate and emergence potential of soybean treated with straw pulp mulching film decreased by 11.11%,but the plant height and stem diameter increased by 0.47 cm and 0.11 mm respectively.At the same time,the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,peroxidase(POD)activity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content in leaves of soybean treated with straw pulp mulching film changed differently,and the chlorophyll SPAD value and leaf area increased by 1.58 and 10.99 cm^(2) respectively.In addition,the species,density,coverage and biomass of weeds treated with straw pulp mulching were lower than those of the control.There were significant differences in the density and coverage indexes of Cengrus echinatus and Chenopodium glaucum,and the total density and coverage of straw pulp mulching were significantly lower than those of the control.Therefore,although straw pulp mulching film can not improve soil temperature,it can promote the growth of soybean seedlings and reduce the breeding of weeds because of its good soil water retention effect,so it has great promotion potential in soybean production.
作者
赵敦厚
关法春
张大勇
张伟
解娇
崔彦如
梁丽丽
孙宝学
ZHAO Dun-hou;GUAN Fa-chun;ZHANG Da-yong;ZHANG Wei;XIE Jiao;CUI Yan-ru;LIANG Li-li;SUN Bao-xue(College of Agriculture,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150036,China;Institute of Rural Energy and Ecology,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130033,China;Soybean Research Institute,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130033,China;Changchun Deshengbao Agriculture Co.,Ltd,Changchun 130200,China)
出处
《大豆科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期159-164,共6页
Soybean Science
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1000905)
吉林省科技厅项目(20200602054ZP,20200702010NC)。
关键词
草浆地膜
大豆
苗期
水分
杂草
植株生长
straw pulp mulching film
soybean
seedling stage
water content
weed
plant growth
作者简介
第一作者:赵敦厚(1998—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事大豆栽培研究。E-mail:zhaodunhou98@163.com;通讯作者:关法春(1976—),男,博士,副研究员,主要从事微生物资源利用研究。E-mail:gfc1940@163.com;通讯作者:张大勇(1976—),男,博士,教授,主要从事大豆遗传育种研究。E-mail:dongnongzhangdy@163.com。
