摘要
为了客观、快速判断管制员班前、班后的疲劳状态,需要先找出班前、班后的疲劳标志指标。首先根据已有管制员疲劳风险因素体系文献,初步筛查疲劳相关指标,然后针对管制员实际工作情况设计试验,结合雷达管制模拟测试结果,使用灰色关联理论分析具体数据。结果表明:管制技能、睡眠质量和发现目标的反应时间是班前疲劳标志指标,管制技能、当班时期的工作负荷和轮班时间是班后疲劳标志指标。对标志指标与班前、班后疲劳进行相关分析,结果表示疲劳与其标志指标具有显著相关性。
This paper aims to find the indexes that are most closely related to the fatigue of the controller before and after the shift, and evaluate the fatigue of the controller by measuring these easily quantifiable indexes. In the beginning, based on literature analysis, the fatigue evaluation indexes of controllers were selected including sleep quality, workload, response time during the emergence of special situations, the processing time to deal with special situations, control skills, post age, and shift duration. These indexes were used to establish a controller fatigue index system from two aspects: cause factors and effect factors. Subsequently, the experimental plan was designed by the mark index system, and the Samn-Perelli scale was distributed to test their fatigue values within the same group of subjects before and after the shift. The divergence between the two times was conferred as the quantified value of the workload. The controllers were also asked to take the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale before their shift to obtain a quantitative value of sleep quality. Then an eye tracker was used to record the subject’s response time and processing time while the subjects did the simulated radar control test in which the content is different but difficulties are at the same level. Besides, the control skills of each subject were quantified according to the scores of the control instructors on the performance of each subject under the large, medium, and small traffic levels. At the same time, the working-age and the shift duration on the day of the experiment of each subject were recorded. Specific data obtained from the experiment was analyzed by gray correlation, and the correlation order was arranged for the index through the calculated correlation degree. The following results are obtained: the fatigue mark index before the shift includes control skills, sleep quality, and response time;the mark index after the shift consists of control skills, workload, and duration of the shift. The fatigue output value was obtained by normalizing the correlation degree of fatigue symbol indexes, and then weighting and summing with the initial values of the corresponding indexes. Correlation analysis was carried out with the fatigue value measured by the controllers themselves. Finally, the significant results can be found that these indexes have a strong correlation with fatigue before and after the shift. This paper finally selects five fatigue markers that can achieve rapid monitoring and direct quantification, to improve the shortcomings of excessively long physiological monitoring time, solve the problem of subjectivity in scoring fatigue-related indicators by experts, and meet the objective of objectively and quickly evaluating controllers’ fatigue status before the shift and targeting the prevention and mitigation of fatigue after the shift.
作者
王莉莉
王柯人
WANG Li-li;WANG Ke-ren(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Air Traffic Management Planning and Safety Technology,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期810-818,共9页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金委员会与中国民用航空局联合资助项目(U1633124)。
关键词
安全社会工程
管制员
疲劳标志指标
灰色关联理论
safety social engineering
controller
mark index of fatigue
grey relational theory
作者简介
王莉莉,教授,博士,从事空中交通人为因素、空域规划研究,llwang@cauc.edu.cn。
