环境公益诉讼风险预防的应然目标及实现路径被引量：6

Intended goal and realization path of risk prevention of environmental public interest litigation

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摘要环境公益诉讼以维护生态公益为制度目的。在现代风险社会中,环境公益诉讼不应仅限于救济已经受损的生态公益,更应在生态公益有损害发生之虞时即发挥作用。风险预防由此成为环境公益诉讼的应然目标。为实现该目标,理论上需确定成为诉讼对象的风险行为类别,明确风险成立的裁判要素并建立预防性责任体系。尽管我国环境公益诉讼制度对风险预防原则有所回应,但仍存在环境行政公益诉讼中预防理念付之阙如、过程性机制尚未建立,环境民事公益诉讼中重大风险认定困难、责任体系单调僵化的问题。因此,应依据风险预防目标的基本要求对我国环境公益诉讼制度予以完善,具体路径包括拓宽受案范围,构建过程性审查机制,确立风险认定基准并建立新型环境责任体系。 The aim of environmental public interest litigation is to maintain the ecological public interest.In the modern risk society,environmental public interest litigation should not only limited to remedy the damaged ecological interest,it should also make effect when the ecological interest is threatened.Hence,risk prevention becomes the intended goal of environmental public interest litigation.In order to achieve the goal,it is necessary to determine the type of risk behaviors becoming the object of litigation,clarify the judgment elements of risk,and establish a preventive liability system in theoretical level.Although the risk prevention principle is responded in the institution of environmental public interest litigation in China,there are still some problems,such as the concept of prevention is absent and the process mechanism has not yet been established in environmental administrative public interest litigation,and identifying major risks is difficult and the responsibility system is monotonous and rigid in environmental civil public interest litigation.Hence,the institution of environmental public interest litigation in China should be improved according to the basic requirements of risk prevention goals.The specific paths include broadening the scope of cases,building a process examination mechanism,establishing the criteria of identifying risks,and building a new type of environmental responsibility system.

作者齐晨晨 QI Chen-chen(Research Institute of Environmental Law,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区武汉大学环境法研究所

出处《沈阳工业大学学报（社会科学版）》 2022年第2期184-192,共9页 Journal of Shenyang University of Technology(Social Sciences)

基金国家社会科学基金重点项目(20AFX023)。

关键词环境公益诉讼风险预防环境责任过程性控制危险认定预防性责任 environmental public interest litigation risk prevention environmental responsibility process control risk identification preventive liability

分类号 D922.6 [政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]

作者简介齐晨晨(1998-),女,湖北随州人,硕士生,主要从事环境法等方面的研究。