摘要
为探明洗涤参数影响深浅色衣物混洗串色的规律,本文采用活性红3BS和纯棉织物制备深色褪色试样和浅色沾色试样,并分析洗涤参数对深色试样褪色和浅色试样沾色的整体影响。将洗涤前后的深色试样色差值(ΔE)和浅色试样得色量变化(ΔK/S值)通过加权平均法构建为褪沾色指数。结果表明,褪沾色指数影响因素的显著性依次为洗涤时间、褪沾色试样投放比例、主洗阶段用水量和洗涤温度。通过中心组合试验构建了洗涤参数与褪沾色指数的数学模型,该模型可预测不同洗涤条件下的褪沾色指数,为混洗程序的进一步研究提供参考。
In daily household washing,the mixed washing of clothes has become a normal state.However,the dark cotton clothes dyed with reactive dyes will fade during mixed washing,and the falling off dyes will lead to the staining of light-colored clothes,forming a cross-color phenomenon,which has become a pain point in the household washing.At the same time,due to the improper choice of washing modes and washing parameters in domestic washing,it is easy to cause the shedding of reactive dyes on dark clothes,resulting in water pollution.The shedding dyes belong to organic salt macromolecules with complex structures and poor biodegradability,which seriously affects the ecological environment.At present,the research on fading and staining of washed clothes mainly focuses on the field of detergents,while the research on slowing down fading and staining through the optimization of washing procedures is still in the blank.To clarify the influence of washing parameters on the cross-color of dark and light color clothes,reactive red 3BS and pure cotton fabrics were used to prepare dark color fading samples,and the overall influence of washing parameters on the fading of dark color samples and staining of light color samples was analyzed by single factor experiment.The central composite experimental table was designed according to the washing parameters and parameter levels selected by a single factor experiment,the mathematical model of washing parameters and fading and staining indexes was constructed,and the washing parameters were optimized according to the response surface method.To comprehensively evaluate the fading degree of dark clothes and the staining degree of light clothes,the weighted average of the color difference(ΔE)of dark samples before and after washing and the color gain change(ΔK/S)of light samples was proposed as the fading and staining indexes(TZ)which were used to evaluate the severity of cross-color.At the same time,to predict the fading and staining degree of clothes under different washing parameters,a quadratic model with fading and staining indexes as the response value was constructed,which could successfully predict the fading and staining of dark and light-colored fabrics under set washing procedures.The results show that the significant factors affecting the fading and staining indexes are washing time,the proportion of fading samples,the water consumption in the main washing stage,and the washing temperature.After three groups of prediction verification tests,when the washing time is 16 min,the washing temperature is 30℃,the ratio of faded and stained samples is 4︰4,and the main washing water quantity is 15 L,the average value of TZ is 3.98×10^(-2),and the relative error is 6.7%,which indicates that the actual value and the predicted value fit well.The quadratic model established by the central composite experiment can successfully predict the fading and staining indexes under different washing conditions.The optimization of washing parameters can effectively control the cross-color problem caused by the mixed washing of dark and light color clothes,effectively reduce the fading of dark color clothes,and then realize the emission reduction of dyes in washing wastewater,provide data reference for the innovative design of mixed washing procedures,and promote the research and development of greenwashing equipment.
作者
赵旭
肖雨嫣
蒋黎
杨青波
孙昌
刘建立
ZHAO Xu;XIAO Yuyan;JIANG Li;YANG Qingbo;SUN Chang;LIU Jianli(College of Textile Science and Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China;Wuxi Little Swan Electric Co.,Ltd.,Wuxi 214035,China)
出处
《丝绸》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期31-38,共8页
Journal of Silk
关键词
混合洗涤
棉织物
褪色
沾色
洗涤参数
褪沾色指数
mixed washing
cotton fabrics
fading
staining
washing parameters
fading and staining indexes
作者简介
赵旭(1997),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为纺织品洗护基础研究;通信作者:刘建立,副教授,jian-li.liu@hotmail.com。
