摘要
岩爆是国内外深部硬岩工程面临的重大挑战。准确、及时地评估岩爆风险能避免不必要的人员伤亡及财产损失。为了解深部硬岩长期和短期岩爆风险评估方法研究现状,对国内外相关文献进行综述。首先,分别对长期和短期岩爆风险评估方法进行系统总结和分类。然后,分析现有各类评估方法的优势与不足。在此基础上,进一步提出长期及短期岩爆风险评估的未来发展方向,以期提高硬岩岩爆风险的评估水平。结果表明:长期岩爆风险评估方法可归纳为单指标经验判据法、多指标集结法、不确定性分析法、综合排序法、机器学习法、数值模拟法和突变理论。短期岩爆风险评估方法可归纳为时序前兆特征法、分形理论、机器学习法、概率预警法和经验法。不同评估方法都存在自身的优缺点及适用范围,在实践中应结合具体工程特性及已有数据情况,对各评估方法进行综合选择。
Rockburst has become one of the most serious threats in deep hard rock engineering. Accurately evaluating the risk of rockburst can avoid unnecessary casualties and property losses. In order to understand the research status of long-term and short-term rockburst risk evaluation methods in deep hard rock,the relevant literature at home and abroad is reviewed. First,the long-term and short-term rockburst risk evaluation methods are summarized and classified. Then,the advantages and disadvantages of existing evaluation methods are analyzed. On this basis,the future development directions of long-term and short-term rockburst risk evaluations are further proposed to improve the evaluation level of rockburst risk in hard rock. The results show that the long-term rockburst risk evaluation methods can be summarized as single-index empirical criterion method,multi-index aggregation method,uncertainty analysis method,comprehensive ranking method,machine learning method,numerical simulation method and catastrophe theory,and that short-term rockburst risk evaluation methods can be summarized as precursory characteristics method of time series,fractal theory,machine learning method,probabilistic warning method and empirical method. Different evaluation methods have their own advantages,disadvantages and application conditions. In practice,the evaluation methods can be comprehensively selected based on specific engineering characteristics and existing data.
作者
梁伟章
赵国彦
LIANG Weizhang;ZHAO Guoyan(School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha,Hunan 410083,China)
出处
《岩石力学与工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期19-39,共21页
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51774321)
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0604606)。
关键词
岩石力学
硬岩
岩爆
长期风险
短期风险
评估
rock mechanics
hard rock
rockburst
long-term risk
short-term risk
evaluation
作者简介
梁伟章(1992–),男,2014年毕业于中南大学安全工程专业,现任特聘副教授,主要从事岩爆灾害防控方面的研究工作。E-mail:wzlian@csu.edu.cn。
