摘要
为得到合理的水肥管理措施,研究等氮量下不同滴灌施肥比例对宿根蔗产量以及不同生育期蔗田土壤氧化亚氮(N_(2)O)通量和无机氮含量的影响,并分析蔗田土壤N_(2)O通量与无机氮含量之间的关系。该文以自然降雨W_(0)为对照,设置2种滴灌灌水量水平W_(1)(田间持水量的75%)和W_(2)(田间持水量的85%),等量氮肥(N 300 kg·hm^(-2))下设4种滴灌施肥比例F_(10)(100%基肥)、F_(55)(50%基肥,50%滴灌追肥)、F_(37)(30%基肥,70%滴灌追肥)、F_(19)(10%基肥,90%滴灌追肥),测定不同处理宿根蔗产量、农艺性状(单茎重、株高、蔗茎直径、公顷有效茎数)、3个生育期蔗田土壤N_(2)O通量以及土壤硝态氮、亚硝态氮和铵态氮的含量。结果表明:(1)W_(1)F_(55)和W_(2)F_(55)处理甘蔗产量较高,分别为102.4 t·hm^(-2)和97.8 t·hm^(-2);相同灌水量下F_(55)处理土壤N_(2)O排放通量较低。(2)蔗田土壤N_(2)O通量与土壤铵态氮含量之间呈显著负相关,相关系数为-0.497(P<0.05,n=24);合理的滴灌施肥比例能有效提高甘蔗产量并减少土壤N_(2)O的排放。因此认为,等氮条件下滴灌施肥比例为5∶5的处理,不仅宿根蔗相对高产,而且能减少蔗田土壤N_(2)O的排放。
In order to get reasonable water and fertilizer management measures,the effects of different fertigation proportions under the same nitrogen(N)rate on the yield of ratoon and nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)flux and inorganic N content in soil at the different growth stages were studied,the relationships between soil N_(2)O flux and inorganic N content were analyzed.Taking natural rainfall(W_(0))as the control,two drip irrigation levels,W_(1)(75%of field water capacity)and W_(2)(85%of field water capacity)and four fertigation proportions at the same N rate(N 300 kg·hm^(-2)),F 10(100%basal fertilizer),F_(55)(50%basal fertilizer,50%fertigation topdressing),F_(37)(30%basal fertilizer,70%fertigation topdressing)and F_(19)(10%basal fertilizer,90%fertigation topdressing)were designed.Agronomic traits(stalk weight,plant height,stalk diameter and effective stalks per hectare)and yield of sugarcane,the N_(2)O flux and the contents of nitrate,nitrite and ammonium nitrogen in soils at the three growth stages were determined.The results were as follows:(1)The ratoon yields in W_(1)F_(55) and W_(2)F_(55) were higher,i.e.102.4 t·hm^(-2)and 97.8 t·hm^(-2),respectively;Soil N_(2)O emission flux in F_(55) was lower under the same irrigation amount.(2)There was a significant negative correlation between soil N_(2)O flux and ammonium nitrogen content,with a correlation coefficient of-0.497(P<0.05,n=24);A reasonable fertilization proportion with drip irrigation can effectively increase sugarcane yield and reduce soil N_(2)O emission.Therefore,the treatment with a fertigation proportion of 5∶5 under the same N rate can not only have a relatively high yield of ratoon,but also reduce the N_(2)O emission from the sugarcane soil.
作者
赵国胜
李伏生
农梦玲
ZHAO Guosheng;LI Fusheng;NONG Mengling(College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)
出处
《广西植物》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期413-421,共9页
Guihaia
基金
国家自然科学基金(31760603)
广西科技计划-基地和人才专项(AD17195060)。
关键词
氧化亚氮
甘蔗生产
无机氮
灌溉施肥
N_(2)O排放
nitrous oxide
sugarcane yield
inorganic nitrogen
fertigation and fertilizer
N_(2)O emission
作者简介
第一作者:赵国胜(1995-),硕士,主要从事水肥资源利用与环境方面的研究,(E-mail)1966446028@qq.com;通信作者:农梦玲,博士,高级实验师,主要从事水肥资源利用方面的研究,(E-mail)mengling189@126.com。
