摘要
毒害有机污染物是影响污泥土地利用安全性的因素之一。全面总结了污泥中毒害有机污染物的提取和分析方法、毒性效应评估方法以及不同污泥处理工艺对污泥中毒害有机污染物的去除效果。结果表明:污泥中毒害有机污染物的种类超过700种,常规的化学分析方法无法有效评估污泥的环境风险,而毒性指标(急性毒性、遗传毒性)可评估污泥的综合毒性;污泥中毒害有机污染物的提取方法主要包括索氏提取、超声萃取、快速溶剂萃取、基质固相分散萃取、微波萃取等方法;不同处理工艺对污泥中毒害有机污染物的削减和控制效率差异较大,其中好氧堆肥处理工艺在污泥中毒害有机污染物去除方面有较大的潜力,而厌氧消化和水热处理工艺对污泥中毒害有机污染物的降解效率稍低,有时还会增加污泥的毒性效应,水热处理工艺可改变污泥中毒害有机污染物的固液分配比;不同化学氧化工艺对污泥中毒害有机污染物的削减效果也有差异,其中过二硫酸盐(PDS,S_(2)O_(8)^(2-))氧化工艺对污泥具有很强的毒性削减潜力。此外,从污泥毒性效应评估体系构建、典型污泥处理过程中毒害有机污染物毒性的变化规律和污泥中关键有机毒性物质的识别等方面展望了污泥中毒害有机污染物的后续重点研究方向。
Toxic organic pollutants are one of the factors affecting the safety of municipal sludge land use.This review summarized extraction,analysis,toxic assessment methods and removal effect of different sludge treatment process towards toxic organic pollutants(TOPs)in sludge.It is known that above 700 TOPs have been detected in sludge,and environmental risk of sludge could not be validly assessed by traditional chemical analysis methods,while toxicity index(such as acute toxicity and genetic toxicity)can comprehensively evaluate the toxicity of sludge.The extraction methods of TOPs from sludge mainly include Soxhlet extraction,ultrasonic extraction,rapid solvent extraction,matrix solid phase dispersion extraction,microwave extraction and so on.For different sludge treatment process,aerobic composting has great potential in the removal of TOPs,while anaerobic digestion and hydrothermal treatment have slightly lower degradation efficiency of TOPs and sometimes can increase the toxic effect of sludge.Hydrothermal treatment can also change the solid-liquid partition ratio of TOPs.Of severe chemical oxidation methods,persulfate(PDS;S_(2)O_(8)^(2-))has comprehensive toxicity reduction ability of TOPs.In addition,this article looks forward to the future research direction of sludge toxic organic pollutants from the aspects of the construction of sludge toxic effect evaluation system,the change law of organic pollutant toxicity in typical sludge treatment process and the identification of key TOPs in sludge.
作者
张伟军
张彧
潘思逸
ZHANG Weijun;ZHANG Yu;PAN Siyi(School of Environmental Studies,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan,430078,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan,430078,China)
出处
《安全与环境工程》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期183-198,共16页
Safety and Environmental Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51678546、41630318)
水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(2018ZX07110004)。
关键词
城市污泥
土地利用
处理工艺
毒害有机污染物
迁移转化
毒性效应评估
municipal sludge
land use
treatment process
toxic organic pollutant
migration and transformation
toxic effect assessment
作者简介
张伟军(1986-),男,博士,研究员,主要从事污泥处理处置与资源化利用方面的研究。E-mail:zhangweijun@cug.edu.cn。
