从《论语》“于公伯寮”看“之”对“于”字结构的回指

Study on“之”’s Anaphora to the Structure of“于”From“于公伯寮”in Analects of Confucius

在线阅读下载PDF

导出

摘要有关《论语·宪问》“夫子固有惑志于公伯寮吾力犹能肆诸市朝”的句读,杨逢彬撰文认为应该断作“夫子固有惑志;于公伯寮,吾力犹能肆诸于朝。”其中“诸”为何能指代介词“于”后的“公伯寮”还需进一步的论证。文献中存在大量的“主+之于+宾”格式里,“之”常见回指“于”的宾语,原因在于这里的“于”应该理解为动词“对于”,“之”自然也就回指动词“于”后的宾语;同时“于”正处在动词向介词转化的语法化连续统中,新的语法现象往往带有旧语法的功能,“于”用作介词时依旧保留一定的动词性,因此“之”依旧能回指“于”字介词宾语。 Regarding the sentence reading of The Analects of Confucius·Xianwen(《论语·宪问》)“夫子固有惑志于公伯寮吾力犹能肆诸市朝”,Yang Fengbin wrote that it should be disassembled as“夫子固有惑志;于公伯寮,吾力犹能肆诸于朝.”Why“诸”can refer to the“公伯寮”after the preposition“于”needs further argumentation.There are a large number of“主+之于+宾”patterns in the literature.“之”often refers to the object of“于”.The reason is that“于”here should be understood as the verb“对于”,and“之”naturally refers to the object after the verb“于”;at the same time,“于”is in the grammatical continuum of the transformation of verbs into prepositions.New grammatical phenomena often have the functions of the old grammar.When“于”is used as a preposition,it still retains a certain degree verbality,so“之”can still refer back to the prepositional object of“于”.

作者张雨涛 ZHANG Yu-tao(College of Liberal Arts,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区上海大学文学院

出处《韶关学院学报》 2022年第1期79-81,共3页 Journal of Shaoguan University

关键词《论语》语义回指 “之于”结构连续统 Analects of Confucius semantic anaphora “之于”structure continuum

分类号 H109.2 [语言文字—汉语]

作者简介张雨涛(1996-),男,浙江义乌人,上海大学文学院博士生,研究方向:汉语历史语法和词汇。