摘要
作物需水量是灌区最重要的水资源消耗途径,研究作物需水量的主要影响因子可为引黄灌区的水资源节约集约利用提供有效支撑。以三义寨引黄灌区1999—2019年21 a共756组逐旬气象数据为基础,采用联合国粮农组织(FAO)推荐的彭曼-蒙特斯(Penman-Monteith)公式为基础的修正式来计算作物需水量,以旬为计算单元时长,共选取23个样本。对三义寨引黄灌区冬小麦作物需水量的通径分析可知,对需水量影响最大的4个气象因子为平均气温、最高气温、最低气温、日照时数。敏感性分析可知平均气温、最高气温、最低气温和日照时数之间影响密切,天最大日照时数的直接作用最小,但是通过其他气象因子对作物需水量产生的间接作用最大。9个气象因子敏感程度排序为:平均气温>日照时数>最高气温>平均风速>最低气温>水面蒸发量>天最大日照时数>降水量>空气相对湿度。比起简单的相关系数和回归分析方法,通径分析方法可以准确计算出自变量对因变量影响的直接作用和间接作用,确定各因子的敏感程度,从而为建立更有效的引黄灌区作物需水量计算方程奠定基础。
Crop water requirement(CWR)is the most important way of water resources consumption in irrigated areas.The study of the main influencing factors of crop water requirement can provide effective data support for water resources conservation and intensive utilization in ir⁃rigated areas.Based on 756 groups of ten⁃day meteorological data from 1999 to 2019 in Sanyizhai irrigation area,the water requirement of crops was calculated by using the Penman⁃Monteith formula recommended by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO).Twenty⁃three samples were selected by using the ten⁃day period as the unit time.Based on the path analysis of the water requirement of winter wheat in Sanyizhai irrigation area,it could know that the four meteorological factors that had the greatest impact on the water requirement re⁃sults were average temperature,maximum temperature,minimum temperature and maximum sunshine hours per day.Through the sensitivity analysis,it could know that the average temperature,highest temperature,lowest temperature and sunshine time interact with each other closely.The sensitive degree sorting for nine meteorological factors was average temperature>sunshine duration>the highest average>wind speed>lowest temperature>the water surface evaporation quantity>maximum sunshine hours per day>air relative humidity>rainfall.Compared with the simple correlation coefficient and regression analysis method,path analysis could accurately calculate the direct and indi⁃rect effects of the independent variables on the dependent variables and determine the sensitivity of each factor,thus laying a foundation for establishing a more effective calculation equation of crop water requirement in the Yellow River irrigation area.
作者
冯峰
王孟桢
陈东煜
冯跃华
姜楠
高子乐
FENG Feng;WANG Mengzhen;CHEN Dongyu;FENG Yuehua;JIANG Nan;GAO Zile(Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute,Kaifeng 475004,China;Henan Engineering Technology Center for Water Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yellow River,Kaifeng 475004,China;Sanyizhai Branch Office,Eastern Henan Water Conservancy Administration Bureau,Kaifeng 475300,China;Miami College of Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,China;Eastern Henan Water Conservancy Administration Bureau,Kaifeng 475002,China)
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第3期149-154,159,共7页
Yellow River
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51809110)
河南省高等学校重点科研计划项目(18A570006)
河南省水利科技攻关计划项目(GG201938)
开封市黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展创新专项计划项目(2019012)。
关键词
引黄灌区
作物需水量
通径分析
决定程度
敏感性分析
三义寨灌区
Yellow River irrigation area
water requirement of crop
path analysis
degree of determination
sensitivity analysis
Sanyizhai irrigation area
作者简介
冯峰(1978—),女,河南驻马店人,教授,博士,研究方向为水资源节约集约利用、水资源低影响开发等,E⁃mail:fengfeng_624@163.com。
