摘要
为实现锂氟化碳电池在更多领域的普遍应用,以工业化碳材料(活性炭、球形石墨、膨胀石墨和工业石墨烯)为碳源,制备了四种氟化碳正极材料。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线能谱(XPS)、氮气吸脱附以及电化学测试等表征手段对材料的微观形貌、晶体结构、化学结构和电化学性能进行了系统的研究。研究表明:氟化工业石墨烯具有完全的单氟化碳结构、高比表面积以及稳定的碳结构,在20 mA·g^(-1)的放电电流下可以实现高达945.4 mAh·g^(-1)的比容量;氟化活性炭具有较多的半共价C-F键,其起始放电电压最高,但是由于其结构稳定性较差,电压平台快速下降,导致整体比容量较低;氟化膨胀石墨和氟化球形石墨与氟化工业石墨烯结构类似,但是由于高氟化碳原子(CF_(2)和CF_(3))的存在,其放电比容量要低于氟化工业石墨烯。不过在高放电电流密度下,氟化膨胀石墨、氟化球形石墨和氟化工业石墨烯的能量密度十分接近,因此,基于氟化膨胀石墨和氟化球形石墨的成本优势,氟化膨胀石墨和氟化球形石墨更适合于高功率应用场景。
Four kinds of fluorinated carbon cathodes were fabricated with the industrial carbon materials(activated carbon,spherical graphite,expanded graphite and industrial graphene)to realize the universal applications of lithium/fluorinated carbon primary battery.The morphology,crystalline structure,chemical structure and electrochemical performance were systematically studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectra(Raman),fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),X-ray photoelectron spectro scopy(XPS),N_(2) adsorption-desorption isotherms and electrochemical test,etc.It was found that the fluorinated industrial graphene shows the highest specific capacity(945.4 mAh·g^(-1))at the discharge current density of 20 mA·g^(-1),which may benefit from the monofluorocarbon structure,high specific area and stable carbon structure.The fluorinated active carbon has the highest initial discharge voltage due to the abundant semi-covalent C-F bond,but its discharge voltage declines rapidly caused by the unstable structure.Although the fluorinated spherical graphite and fluorinated expanded graphite have the similar structure with the fluorinated industrial graphene,their specific capacities are lower,due to the presence of the highly fluorinated carbon atoms(CF_(2)and CF_(3)).However,at high discharge current density,the fluorinated spherical graphite and fluorinated expanded graphite possess the similar value with the fluorinated industrial graphene.Considering the cost,they may be more suitable for the high power applications.
作者
侯小鹏
曾浩
杜邵文
李娜
朱怡雯
傅小珂
李秀涛
HOU Xiaopeng;ZENG Hao;DU Shaowen;LI Na;ZHU Yiwen;FU Xiaoke;LI Xiutao(Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Hazards Management and Emergency Response,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)
出处
《材料工程》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期107-114,共8页
Journal of Materials Engineering
基金
大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202010059009)。
关键词
锂氟化碳电池
石墨烯
电化学
构效关系
正极材料
lithium/fluorinated carbon primary battery
graphene
electrochemistry
structure-activity relationship
cathode
作者简介
通讯作者:李秀涛(1984-),男,讲师,博士,主要从事多功能材料研究,联系地址:天津市东丽区津北公路2898号中国民航大学南院航安楼301(300300),E-mail:xiutaolee@163.com。
