摘要
2019年庆阳市空气质量优良天数为330天,优良天数比例为90.4%,总体情况良好。空气质量综合指数为3.58,六项污染物中,分担率占比较大的是可吸入颗粒物、细颗粒物和臭氧,分别为26.3%、24.9%和22.9%。夏季主要污染物为臭氧,其他季节主要污染物为细颗粒物和可吸入颗粒物。分区域来看,粮贸总公司的总体污染情况较其他区域严重,氮硫化物和可吸入颗粒物值较高。根据监测数据和实地调查发现,主要为该区域未实行集中供暖散煤燃烧所致,故后续应将该区域尽快纳入集中供暖系统,解决由此带来的污染问题。从小时浓度来看,庆阳市每天除臭氧外,其他污染物有两个峰值,会出现在8-10时和20-21时,这段时间污染最为严重。另外,臭氧作为首要污染物全年共出现132天,年均浓度达到了132μg/m^(3)。臭氧污染是由对流层中氮氧化物(NO_(X))和可挥发性有机物(VOC_(S))导致。因此对臭氧污染的防治主要在于控制NO_(X)和VOC_(S)的排放,完善大气污染源调查,加大污染治理技术的研发,加强清洁油品的监管力度,建立臭氧污染高发时段的应急预案。
In 2019,the number of days with excellent air quality in Qingyang City was 330,and the proportion of days with excellent air quality was 90.4%.The overall situation was good.The comprehensive air quality index is 3.58.Among the six pollutants,inhalable particulate matter,fine particulate matter and ozone account for a large share,accounting for 26.3%,24.9%and 22.9%respectively.Ozone is the main pollutant in summer,and fine particles and inhalable particles are the main pollutants in other seasons.In terms of sub regions,the overall pollution situation of grain and Trade Corporation is more serious than that in other regions,and the values of nitrogen sulfide and inhalable particulate matter are higher.According to the monitoring data and field investigation,it is mainly caused by the lack of centralized heating and loose coal combustion in this area.Therefore,the area should be incorporated into the central heating system as soon as possible to solve the pollution problem.In terms of hourly concentration,except for deodorizing oxygen in Qingyang City,other pollutants have two peaks,which will appear at 8-10 and 20-21,during which the pollution is the most serious.In addition,ozone,as the primary pollutant,appeared for 132 days in the whole year,with an average annual concentration of 132μg/m^(3).Ozone pollution is caused by nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))and volatile organic compounds(VOC_(s))in the troposphere.Therefore,the prevention and control of ozone pollution mainly lies in controlling the emission of NO_(x) and VOC_(s),improving the investigation of air pollution sources,increasing the research and development of pollution control technology,strengthening the supervision of clean oil products,and establishing an emergency plan during the period of high incidence of ozone pollution.
作者
黄喜玲
王凯杰
任钰婷
段保军
HUANG Xi-ling;WANG Kai-jie;REN Yu-ting;DUAN Bao-jun(Gansu Qingyang Environmental and Ecological Monitoring Center,Qingyang 745000,Gansu;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Longdong University,Qingyang 745000,Gansu)
出处
《陇东学院学报》
2022年第2期68-76,共9页
Journal of Longdong University
关键词
空气质量
大气污染
环境监测
臭氧污染
可吸入颗粒物
air quality
air pollution
environmental monitoring
ozone pollution
inhalable particulate matter
作者简介
黄喜玲(1980—),女,甘肃环县人,工程师,主要从事环境质量监测及数据分析研究。
