摘要
本试验采用双因素裂区设计,以菌菇渣和番茄秸秆混合比例为主处理,分别为3∶7(S2)、2∶3(S2)和1∶1(S3)(总量为30 t/hm^(2)),腐熟剂添加量为副处理,分别为75 kg/hm^(2)(A1)、105 kg/hm^(2)(A2)、135 kg/hm^(2)(A3),以不施肥(CK)及施常规化肥(CF)为对照,对当季作物种植后不同处理土壤团聚体组成及其有机碳含量进行测定,探究农业废弃物菌菇渣和番茄秸秆共同还田对土壤团聚体的影响。结果表明,秸秆还田处理以>0.25~2 mm大团聚体为主,其次是<0.053 mm粉黏粒,0.053~0.25 mm微团聚体组分含量最少。与常规施肥处理相比,秸秆还田处理大团聚体含量增加,粉黏粒含量减少,水稳性团聚体含量(R_(0.25))、平均重量直径(MWD)和几何平均直径(GMD)值明显增大,土壤稳定性增强。秸秆还田处理团聚体有机碳含量随团聚体直径的减小而逐渐增加,与常规施肥处理相比土壤有机碳含量及大团聚体、微团聚体和粉黏粒有机碳含量显著增加(P<0.05),大团聚体有机碳贡献率增加,粉黏粒有机碳贡献率减少。不同菌菇渣和番茄秸秆搭配比例以及不同腐熟剂添加量下,秸秆还田处理间(S2A1除外)团聚体组分含量、R_(0.25)、MWD和GMD均无显著差异(P>0.05)。腐熟剂添加量对团聚体组成有明显影响,随添加量的增加,大团聚体含量、水稳性团聚体的R_(0.25)、MWD和GMD值逐渐减小,粉黏粒含量逐渐增大。不同的菌菇渣和番茄秸秆搭配比例下,土壤有机碳及同一团聚体组分有机碳含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。不同腐熟剂添加量比较,A2处理土壤有机碳及同一团聚体组分的有机碳含量均显著高于A1和A3处理(P<0.05)。不同秸秆还田比例和腐熟剂添加量的交互作用显著影响大团聚体和微团聚体的有机碳含量(P<0.05),对土壤有机碳含量有极显著影响(P<0.01)。
In order to explore the effects of mushroom residue and tomato straw returning on soil aggregates,the two-factor split block design was adopted in this experiment.The main blocks were set three levels of straw returning treatments(S1,S2 and S3)with the mixing ratio of mushroom residue to tomato straw as 3∶7,2∶3 and 1∶1(the total amount of mushroom residue and tomato straw were 30 t/hm^(2)).The subsidiary blocks were set three levels of decomposing agent(A1,A2 and A3)with the amount of decomposing agent as 75,105 and 135 kg/hm^(2).No fertilizer(CK)and conventional fertilizer(CF)application were used as controls.The composition of soil aggregates and organic carbon content were determined after crop cultivation.The results showed that soil aggregates were dominated by macroaggregates(>0.25~2 mm)under straw returning treatments,followed by silt-clay(<0.053 mm),and the content of microaggregates(0.053~0.25 mm)was the least.Compared with CF treatment,straw returning treatments increased the content of macroaggregates but decreased the content of silt-clay,increased the content of water-stable aggregates(R_(0.25)),mean of weight diameter(MWD)and geometrical mean of diameter(GMD)obviously,so the stability of soil was enhanced.The organic carbon content of aggregates gradually increased with the decrease of aggregate diameter under straw returning treatments,and the organic carbon content of soil,macroaggregate,microaggregate and silt-clay were significantly increased compared with CF treatment(P<0.05),among which,the contribution of macroaggregates increased,while that of silt-clay particles decreased.There were no significant differences in aggregate component,R_(0.25),MWD and GMD among different straw returning and decomposing agent treatments(P>0.05).With the increase of adding amount of decomposing agent,the content of macroaggregates and the values of R_(0.25),MWD and GMD of water-stable aggregated decreased gradually,while the content of silt-clay increased.There were no significant differences in soil organic carbon content and organic carbon content of the same aggregates under different proportion of mushroom residue and tomato straw(P>0.05).Under different levels of decomposing agent,the soil organic carbon and the organic carbon content of the same aggregates under A2 treatment were significantly higher than those under A1 and A3 treatments(P<0.05).The interaction of different straw proportions and amount of decomposing agent significantly affected the organic carbon content of macroaggregates and microaggregates(P<0.05),and had very significant impact on soil organic carbon(P<0.01).
作者
王敏
李祥云
赵征宇
王圣健
孙永红
朱丕生
王政
刘树堂
Wang Min;Li Xiangyun;Zhao Zhengyu;Wang Shengjian;Sun Yonghong;Zhu Pisheng;Wang Zheng;Liu Shutang(College of Resoures and Enwironment,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao 266100,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
北大核心
2022年第2期95-103,共9页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
青岛市民生科技计划项目(18-6-1-117-nsh)
青岛农业大学高层次人才科研基金项目(6631117021)
山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2018CXGC00204)。
关键词
番茄秸秆还田
腐熟剂
菌菇渣
土壤团聚体
有机碳
Tomato straw returning
Decomposing agent
Mushroom residue
Soil aggregates
Organic carbon
作者简介
王敏(1985—),女,博士,讲师,研究方向:土壤养分循环。E-mail:wangmin@qau.edu.cn;通信作者:刘树堂(1962—),男,博士,教授,研究方向:作物养分循环、植物营养与施肥技术。E-mail:18561951311@126.com。
