摘要
目的了解淄博市2016年10月-2020年10月土源性线虫病感染现状,为制定有针对性的防治策略和措施提供依据。方法在2016年10月-2020年10月期间分别抽取博山区、高青县、沂源县、张店区和临淄区为监测区县,每个区县抽取5个行政村,采用整群抽样方法抽取1000人(各年龄组)为监测对象,采集粪便样本,采用改良加藤厚涂片法,一粪两检。3~9周岁儿童加做透明胶纸肛拭法检测蛲虫卵。计算各年各虫种感染率并进行比较。结果全市累计调查了5个区县25个乡镇125个行政村,共粪检5064人,检出土源性线虫感染者19例,人群总感染率为0.38%,感染率从2016年的1.06%降至2020年的0.10%,总体呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.42,P<0.05)。蛔虫、鞭虫和蛲虫平均感染率分别为0.08%、0.28%和0.04%,未检出钩虫感染,土源性线虫感染者以单虫种感染(94.74%)为主,2018年沂源县发现1例两虫混合感染。博山区感染率最高(1.06%),高青县最低(0.00%),各区县感染率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=23.57,P<0.05);女性的感染率为0.45%(12/2687),男性为0.29%(7/2377),不同性别人群之间差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.78,P>0.05);>60岁年龄组的感染率最高,为0.70%(9/1288),不同年龄人群之间差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.23,P>0.05);商业服务人员感染率最高,为4.40%(4/91),不同职业人群之间感染率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=41.84,P<0.05);不识字者的感染率最高,为1.47%(5/339),不同文化程度间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17.35,P<0.05)。结论目前,土源性线虫病在淄博市发病率较低,人群感染率总体呈下降趋势,60岁人群以上老年人成为农村土源性线虫感染的重点人群。
Objective To understand the current status of soil-borne nematode infections in Zibo City from October 2016 to October 2020,and to provide a basis for formulating targeted control strategies and measures.Methods From October 2016 to October 2020,Boshan District,Gaoqing County,Yiyuan County,Zhangdian District and Linzi District were selected as monitoring districts and counties.Five administrative villages were selected from each district and county,and 1000 people(each age group)were selected as the monitoring objects using the cluster sampling method.Stool samples were collected,using the modified Kato thick smear method,one stool and two inspections.Children from 3 to 9 years old will be given anal swabs with cellophane paper to detect pinworm eggs.Calculated and compared the infection rate of each insect species in each year.Results A total of 125 administrative villages in 25 towns,5 districts and counties were investigated,with a total of 5064 people inspected.19 people infected with soil-derived nematodes were detected.The total population infection rate was 0.38%,and the infection rate dropped from 1.06%in 2016 to 0.10%in 2020,showing an overall downward trend,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=16.42,P<0.05).The average infection rates of roundworms,whipworms and pinworms were 0.08%,0.28%and 0.04%,respectively.No hookworm infection was detected,and soil-borne nematode infections were mainly single-species(94.74%).In 2018,one case of two-worm mixed infection was found in Yiyuan County.The infection rate was the highest in Boshan District(1.06%),and the lowest in Gaoqing County(0.00%),there were statistically significant differences in the infection rate among districts and counties(χ^(2)=23.57,P<0.05).The infection rate was 0.45%(12/2687)for females and 0.29%(7/2377)for males,there was no statistically significant difference between groups of different genders(χ^(2)=0.78,P>0.05).The infection rate in the>60-year-old age group was the highest,0.70%(9/1288),and there was no statistically significant difference between people of different ages(χ^(2)=5.23,P>0.05).The infection rate of commercial service personnel was the highest,which was 4.40%(4/91),and the difference in infection rate among different occupational groups was statistically significant(χ^(2)=41.84,P<0.05).The infection rate among the illiterate population was highest,which was 1.47%(5/339),and the difference between different education levels was statistically significant(χ^(2)=17.35,P<0.05).Conclusion At present,the incidence of soil-borne nematodes in Zibo is relatively low,and the population infection rate is on the decline.The elderly over 60 years old have become the key population of soil-borne nematode infections in rural areas.
作者
宋代琴
SONG Daiqin(Qin Zibo Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zibo,Shandong Province,255026 China)
出处
《中国卫生产业》
2021年第31期176-179,共4页
China Health Industry
关键词
土源性线虫
监测
淄博市
Soil-derived nematodes
Monitoring
Zibo city
作者简介
宋代琴(1981-),女,硕士,主管医师,主要从事地方病、寄生虫病预防与控制工作。
