摘要
黑色旅游研究是近年来旅游研究的热点话题。为了避免因黑色旅游与恐惧景观的混淆而导致实践指导的偏差,文章对黑色旅游与恐惧景观的研究脉络进行梳理分析,从本体论、认识论、方法论以及具体研究内容4个层面进行异同分析。研究发现:(1)黑色旅游起源于与"死亡"关联的旅游现象,恐惧景观研究在生态学和人文地理学领域持续深入。(2)黑色旅游与恐惧景观的差异在于:本体论上,前者的本质是与"死亡"相关的旅游形式,后者是与"恐惧"相关的构造物;认识论上,前者仍存在一定异议,后者的认识相对一致;方法论上,后者较前者具有较系统的研究方法;具体研究内容上,前者主要是与死亡相关的景观表现形式,其具有正向与负向的感知,后者具有"恐惧"感知的不确定性景观。(3)在恐惧感知和景观意象研究中,二者存在共同点,都可能带来恐惧的主观感知和对景观的恐惧所引发恐惧的景观意象。通过对二者关系的探讨,以期在增强对黑色旅游理解的同时,拓宽恐惧景观的研究领域和深化研究内容。
Dark tourism has become one of the important topics of tourism research. The landscape of fear is involved in dark tourism research, which leads to the overlapping parts and conceptual confusion. Despite the inherent relevance of the landscape of fear to dark tourism, both are relatively independent research topics in ontological, epistemological and methodological terms. How to understand the similarities and differences of dark tourism and landscape of fear research and how to grasp the scope and scale of similarities in practice, are key problems worth exploring, and also the need to avoid practical guidance errors due to conceptual confusion.This article firstly analyzes the research context of both dark tourism and landscape of fear. Dark tourism originated from the tourism phenomenon associated with “death”, and the research of landscape of fear continues to deepen in the fields of ecology and human geography. Secondly, it explores the differences between dark tourism and the landscape of fear from four aspects: ontology,epistemology, methodology, and specific research. It is found that ontologically the essence of dark tourism is the form of tourism related to“death”, and the essence of“fear-related”structures is the essential embodiment of the landscape of fear. In terms of epistemology, dark tourism still has certain differences and controversies, and the perception of landscape of fear is more consistent. On the part of methodology, the research method of dark tourism is difficult to form a system, while the landscape of fear has a systematic research method. There are two differences in specific research content, including the form of landscape expression and the perception of landscape. At last, as for the exploration of the commonalities between dark tourism and landscape of fear, there are differences in the specific research content, but it also finds that they have similarities in fearful perception and landscape image, which will bring the subjective perception of fear emotions and the fearful landscape imagery caused by fear of the landscape.Dark tourism and landscape of fear are currently research topics in different fields. Dark tourism has attracted the attention of scholars in tourism research. Although“landscape of fear”is a concept based on the theory of human geography, it has become more and more mature in ecological research while it shows a phenomenon that has rarely been studied in related fields, such as human geography.Therefore, it is found that dark tourism and landscape of fear also have differences and common connections by discussing their relationships. On one hand, it can enhance the understanding of dark tourism. On the other hand, it can also arouse people’s attention to landscape of fear, in order to broaden the research field of landscape of fear and deepen the content of research.
作者
李华
刘敏
LI Hua;LIU Min(School of Applied Science and Technology,Beijing Union University,Beijing 100101,China;School of Tourism Management,Beijing Union University,Beijing 100101,China)
出处
《旅游学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第12期140-150,共11页
Tourism Tribune
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“精准扶贫战略下景区周边社区的自我可持续发展能力提升研究”(18YJAZH057)资助。
关键词
黑色旅游
恐惧景观
差异
dark tourism
landscape of fear
differences
作者简介
李华(1996-),女,广东汕头人,硕士研究生,研究方向为恐惧景观.E-mail:13420315355@163.com;通讯作者:刘敏(1978-),女,内蒙古额济纳旗人,博士,教授,研究方向为旅游地理,E-mail:ejina@163.com。
