摘要
汉字通假在古文中是很常见的现象,明了汉字通假的判定方法有助于正确地理解古书文意。通过对汉字通假现象进行分析表明,将被通假字称作本字并不合理,应以“通假字与正字”来代替“通假字与本字”。为免误将同源词、古今字、异体字判作通假字,汉字通假,不仅要有文献证据,还要具备语音、语义、时代上的特定条件。将通假字从文字的通用或代用中独立出来进行类型化分析,可以促进字用研究的深入发展,可为辞书的编纂提供有益的参考。
Phonetic borrowing of Chinese characters is a phenomenon that we often encounter when reading ancient Chinese texts.Knowing the judgment method of phonetic borrowing of Chinese characters can help us understand the meaning of ancient books more closely.Based on the analysis of phonetic borrowing of Chinese characters,it is irrational to call a phonetically borrowed character as the etymological character,and it is suggested that "phonetically borrowed character and etymological character" should be replaced by"phonetically borrowed character and proper character".In order to avoid mistakenly regarding cognate characters,ancient and modern characters and variant characters as borrowed characters,the determination of a phonetically borrowed Chinese character requires not only documentary evidence but also specific conditions in terms of pronunciation,semantics and times.Separating phonetic borrowing from the common use or substitution of characters for type analysis can promote the in-depth research on the usage of characters and can provide useful references for the compilation of dictionaries.
作者
谢俊涛
XIE Jun-tao(Shandong Normal University,Jinan Shandong 250014)
出处
《广东技术师范大学学报》
2021年第5期57-62,69,共7页
Journal of Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“汴洛方言语音的共时特征与历时音变研究”(项目编号:16BYY116)
河南省哲学社会科学规划项目“翻宋本《释名》异文研究”(项目编号:2019BYY014)
关键词
通假字
正字
判定
字用
phonetically borrowed character
proper character
judgment
usage of Chinese character
作者简介
谢俊涛,博士,山东师范大学副教授。
