摘要
Water-fertilizer coupling technology has been widely used in the world.Poor soil aeration,low temperature or high temperature can affect the rate of nutrient uptake by crop roots.Aiming at the interaction between water,fertilizer,dissolved oxygen and temperature(WFOT)coupling model and irrigation flux of tomato in greenhouse,using these four factors with a five-level uniform-precision rotatable central composite design,a mathematical model was established among the four factors affecting tomato yield in a greenhouse,and the optimal combination scheme of WFOT was obtained.Within the test range,tomato yields increased with increasing irrigation quotas(X_(1)),fertilization amount(X_(2)),dissolved oxygen(X_(3))and geothermal pipe water temperature(X_(4)).The magnitude of the effect of each factor of WFOT on tomato yield was in the following order:X_(1),X_(2),X_(4),X_(3)(spring and summer),and X_(1),X_(3),X_(2),X_(4)(autumn and winter).The interaction between high water-low heat and low water-high heat were beneficial for yield increase(spring and summer),the high fertilizer-low heat and low fertilizer-high heat interactions were beneficial to yield increase(autumn and winter).If WFOT agronomic measures were adopted according to the 95%confidence interval,there was a 95%probability that the spring-summer tomato yield will be higher than 89902 kg/hm^(2).The WFOT coupling scheme was X_(1)of 4808-5091 m3/hm^(2),X_(2)(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O)of 171-57-84 to 186-62-89 kg/hm^(2),X_(3)of 7.9-8.2 mg/L,and X_(4)of 34.9°C-37.0°C.There was a 95%probability of tomato yield higher than 85209 kg/hm^(2)in autumn and winter,and the WFOT coupling scheme was X_(1)of 5270-5416 m3/hm^(2),X_(2)(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O)of 151-50-76 to 167-56-82 kg/hm^(2),X_(3)of 8.0-8.2 mg/L,and X_(4)of 34.1°C-36.2°C.Overall,and the model had a very good simulation effect,with application value.The relative error between spring-summer and autumn-winter yields ranged from 1.12%to 25.34%.The results of the study can provide a theoretical basis for improving the quality and efficiency of greenhouse tomatoes.
基金
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51869024)
the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Key Research and Development Plan Major Project(Grant No.2018BBF0202206,2018BBF0202204)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51469027)
the first-class discipline of Ningxia High School(Water Engineering Discipline)fiunded project(Grant No.NXYLXK2017A03,NXYLXK2021A03)
the Innovation Team of the“Chang Jiang Scholars and Innovation Team Development Program"of the Ministry of Education funded project(Grant No.IRT1067).
作者简介
Zan Ouyang,PhD candidate,research interests:crop water-fertilizer-air-heat coupling irrigation,Email:oyzysyn@163.com;Ce Zhao,Postgraduate,research interests:crop water-fertilizer-air-heat coupling irrigation,Email:zhaoce_2012@163.com;Xinfang Yan,PhD,Lecturer,research interests:water treatment theory and technology,Email:yxf12345@163.com;Corresponding author:Juncang Tian,PhD,Professor,Doctoral tutor,research interests:water-saving irrigation theory and technology in arid area.No.539,Helanshan West Road,Xixia District,Yinchuan,750021,China.Tel:+86-13995112538,Email:slxtjc@163.com.
