摘要
为了给余甘子种质资源的品种改良和亲本选择提供科学依据,本研究对21份余甘子果实的10项指标进行测试分析。果实品质方面,变幅最大为维生素C,极差为1916,维生素C平均含量为1026.60nmol/g;变异最小的是总糖,变异系数为19.64%,平均含糖量为47.70mg/g鲜重,含量在72.91~31.10mg/g之间,极差为41.81。相关性分析结果显示,总酸与蛋白质、总酚相关显著,与果实纵径、单果重呈负显著相关,与果实横径、果肉厚呈负极显著相关;蛋白质与总酚成极显著相关,与果实横径、果肉厚成负显著相关;SOD活性与总酚含量成显著相关;果实的横径与纵径、单果重、果肉厚成极显著相关。主成分分析将10个性状指标综合为4个主成分,分别为果实横径、总酚、总酸和维生素C,4个主成分因子包含了同质园条件下余甘子果实品质性状的绝大部分信息,累计贡献率达93.3%以上。在欧式距离D=1.0处将21份资源分为3个类群:第Ⅰ类群有10份,包括9份广东卷叶种源和1份贵州种源;第Ⅱ类群有9份,包括7份云南永仁居群和2份贵州种源;第Ⅲ类群为大果,包括2份。结果表明余甘子果实品质方面表现出很大的变异;聚类分析能把云南、福建的种质很好的区分开,但两个省和贵州种质都有交集,推测余甘子资源的表型性状可能存在地带性。
In order to provide a scientific basis for the improvement of germplasm resources and the selection of parents, 10 indexes of 21 phyllanthus emblica L. were tested and analyzed. In terms of fruit quality, the maximum variation was vitamin C(range: 1916), and the average content of vitamin C was 1026.60 nmol/g. The smallest variation was in total sugar, which was 19.64%. The average sugar content was 47.70 mg/g, and the content ranged from 72.91 mg/g to 31.10 mg/g, with a variation range of 41.81. The correlation analysis showed that total acid was significantly correlated with protein and total phenol, but significantly negative correlated with fruit longitudinal diameter, single fruit weight, transverse diameter and pulp thickness. Protein was significantly negative correlated with total phenol, but negatively correlated with fruit diameter and pulp thickness. SOD activity was significantly correlated with total phenol.The transverse diameter of fruit was significantly correlated with longitudinal diameter, single fruit weight and pulp thickness. Principal component analysis(PCA) integrated the 10 traits into four principal components, namely diameter of fruit, total phenol, total acid and vitamin C. The four principal component factors contained most of the information of fruit quality traits under the condition of homogenous orchid, and the cumulative contribution rate was more than 93.3%. The 21 resources were divided into 3 groups at the Euclidean distance D=1.0. There were 10 resources in Group Ⅰ, including 9 provenances from Guangdong Province and 1 provenance from Guizhou Province. Group Ⅱ contained 9 provenances, including 7 Yongrenju from Yunnan Province and 2 provenances from Guizhou Province. Group Ⅲ was the big fruit, consisting of 2 copies. The results showed that there was a great variation in the fruit quality. Cluster analysis could distinguish between the germplasm from Yunnan Province and Fujian Province well, but they had intersection with Guizhou germplasm. Therefore, it was speculated that the phenotypic traits of phyllanthus emblica L. resources might be zonal.
作者
赵琼玲
韩学琴
沙毓沧
罗会英
钱坤建
邓红山
金杰
ZHAO Qiongling;HAN Xueqin;SHA Yucang;LUO Huiying;QIAN Kunjian;DENG Hongshan;JIN Jie(Research Institute of Tropical Eco-agriculture Sciences,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Dry-hot Valley Botanic Garden,Yuanmou 651300,Yunnan;Horticultural Research Institute Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650001,Yunnan)
出处
《中国热带农业》
2021年第6期27-32,共6页
China Tropical Agriculture
基金
云南省重大科技专项“生物资源数字化开发应用”项目(202002AA100007)
科技部重点研发计划:特色植物资源罗望子与余甘子野生资源开发价值评估及品种培育(2017YFC0505106-1)
金沙江干热河谷坝区生态综合治理及农业产业发展技术试验示范(2017YFC0505102)。
关键词
余甘子
果实形态
功能成分
遗传多样性
phyllanthus emblica L.
fruit morphology
functional component
genetic diversity
作者简介
赵琼玲(1978—),女,硕士,副研究员,主要从事热带作物资源研究。E-mail:qionglingzhao@163.com;通讯作者:金杰(1977—),男,学士,研究员,主要从事热带作物资源研究。E-mail:276361917@qq.com。
