摘要
目的:探讨12周的营养教育对职业射击运动员营养知、信、行状况的影响,为进一步完善职业射击运动员的营养教育手段以及改善其膳食营养状况提供理论依据。方法:通过整群抽样的方法抽取贵州省77名职业射击运动员,进行为期12周的营养教育干预,干预内容为发放运动员运动营养知识手册、营养知识授课和讲座、射击运动员膳食营养宣传栏展示、营养师定时膳食指导、相关营养知识视频或电子资料推送。干预前后使用同一问卷对射击运动员进行营养知、信、行调查并分析变化情况。结果:12周营养教育干预后,职业射击运动员的营养知识、态度以及行为得分均高于干预前(P<0.01)。营养知识部分14个问题,职业射击运动员知晓率均高于干预前(P<0.001);营养态度部分14个问题,职业射击运动员态度养成率均好于干预前(P<0.001);营养行为部分,职业射击运动员食用奶类、豆类制品、水果、蔬菜、粗粮、牲畜肉类以及水产类食物的行为频次均高于干预前(P<0.001)。吃夜宵、吃零食、饮酒等不良饮食行为和抽烟、熬夜等不良生活方式的频次均低于干预前(P<0.001)。训练期间合理加餐和吃早餐等良好饮食行为的频次均高于干预前(P<0.001)。结论:12周的营养教育干预能够对职业射击运动员起到丰富营养知识、转变不良营养态度以及改善不良营养行为等积极作用。
ObjectiveTo explore the effect of 12-week nutritional education on the nutritional knowledge,attitude and practice of professional shooting athletes,and to provide theoretical basis for improving the nutritional education and their nutritional status.MethodsAccording to cluster sampling,77 professional shooter were selected for a 12-week nutrition education intervention,including reading the sports nutrition manual,taking part in lectures and seminars on sports nutrition,glancing bulletin boards about dietary nutrition,receiving dietary guidance from nutritionists and receiving related video or electronic data.Before and after the intervention,the same questionnaire was used to investigate the nutritional knowledge,attitude and practice of shooting athletes and the changes were analyzed.ResultsAfter 12 weeks of nutrition education,the average scores of nutrition knowledge,attitude and practice of professional shooters were all higher than those before the intervention(P<0.01).The average awareness rate of nutrition knowledge concerning 14 questions and attitude development in 14 fields were higher than before the intervention(P<0.001).As for the practice,their frequency of consuming health food including milk,soy products,fruits,vegetables,whole grains,livestock meat and aquatic products were higher than before(P<0.001),while the frequency of poor behaviors such as eating food late at night,eating snacks,as well as drinking and smoking,and staying up was lower than before the intervention(P<0.001).Moreover,during the training,they were more likely to have breakfast and reasonable extra meals compared with before the intervention(P<0.001).ConclusionThe12-week nutrition education intervention can play a positive role in improving the knowledge,attitude and practice of professional shooting athletes about nutrition.
作者
刘洋
赵晋
李振华
王惠群
Liu Yang;Zhao Jin;Li Zhenhua;Wang Huiqun(School of Public Health,the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control,Ministry of Education,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang550025,China;Guizhou Province Sports School,Guiyang 550002,China;Laboratory of Sports Nutrition,Guizhou Institute of Sports Science,Guiyang 550002,China)
出处
《中国运动医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第8期620-628,共9页
Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine
基金
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑20182752)。
关键词
营养教育
职业射击运动员
知、信、行
nutrition education
professional shooter
knowledge
attitude and practice
作者简介
第一作者:刘洋,Email:1393016150@qq.com;通信作者:王惠群,Email:wanghuiqun@gmc.edu.cn。
