摘要
为了研究冬季补饲对妊娠期藏母羊瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸(volatile fatty acid,VFA)、微生物区系及羔羊生长发育影响。采用单因子试验设计,随机选择健康藏母羊440只,分为2组。对照组(control check,CK)为放牧饲喂,处理组(test,T)在放牧基础上,每只母羊补饲0.1 kg·d-1精料补充料,试验期为45 d(配种后106~150 d)。试验结束后,从处理组和对照组中随机选择5只和6只母羊屠宰后分析瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸和细菌菌群组成。同时测定新生羔羊的生长发育指标。结果表明:(1)处理组羔羊的体重、体高和胸围显著高于对照组(P <0.05);(2)处理组瘤胃液总挥发性脂肪酸(Total volatile fatty acids,TVFA)、丙酸和丁酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),同时乙酸和异丁酸显著低于对照组(P<0.05);(3)两组母羊瘤胃微生物在门和属水平上组成相似,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)以及疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)为优势菌门;而普雷沃菌属-1(Prevotella1)、理研菌科RC9肠道群(Rikenellaceae-RC9-gut-group)、普雷沃氏菌科-UCG-001(Prevotellaceae-UCG-001)为优势菌属;(4)Alpha多样性指数中,对照组的Shannon指数显著高于处理组(P <0.05),说明对照组瘤胃微生物多样性优于处理组;(5)瘤胃微生物功能预测发现,两组母羊瘤胃微生物主要富集于复制和修复(Replication and Repair)、碳水化合物代谢(Carbohydrate Metabolism)和信号转导(Signal Transduction)。综上,妊娠后期藏母羊的冬季补饲能够为胎儿的生长发育提供必要的营养需求,同时提高母羊瘤胃液中TVFA、丙酸和丁酸含量,但在一定程度上影响了瘤胃细菌的多样性。
The present study was carried out to explore the effects of dietary supplements during the cold season on the volatile fatty acid(VFA), rumen microbiota of Tibetan sheep in late pregnancy, and growth performance of lambs.(Method) Totals of 440 Tibetan sheep were divided into two groups by a single factor design. Individuals of check control group(CK) were pastured, individuals of test group(T) were supplemented with 0.1 kg·d-1 concentrate per ewes. The experiment was carried out through the late pregnancy(After hybridization from 106 th to 150 th).Five and six ewes were randomly selected from the T group and CK group, respectively. The VFA and composition of bacteria were analyzed in rumen. Synchronously, the growth performance of lambs were measured. The results showed that,(1) The body weight, withers height and chest circumference in the T group were greater than in the CK group(P < 0.05);(2) The total volatile fatty acids(TVFA), propionate and butyrate in rumen fluid of T group were significantly increased then CK group(P < 0.05). Whereas the acetate and isobutyrate of T group exhibited significantly decreased(P < 0.05);(3) The composition of rumen bacteria were similar between T group and CK group at the phylum and genus level. The Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia were predominate bacteria at the phylum, and Prevotella_1, Rikenellaceae-RC9-gut-group and Prevotellaceae-UCG-001 exhibited optimum at genus level;(4) Among alpha diversity indexes, the Shannon index of CK group was significantly higher than that of T group(P < 0.05), suggesting the diversity of rumen microbes in CK group was superior to T group;(5) By function prediction of rumen microbes, it was mainly enrichment in replication and repair, carbohydrate metabolism and signal transduction.(Conclusion) In summary, dietary supplements during the cold season of Tibetan sheep in late pregnancy met nutritional requirements for growth of fetuses and improved the contents of TVFA, propionic acid and butyric acid in rumen fluid, whereas it have a certain degree of influenced in the diversity of rumen microbes.
作者
周力
李蒋伟
张莹莹
张怀霞
马博妍
高占红
吴占月
侯生珍
王志有
桂林生
ZHOU Li;LI Jiangwei;ZHANG Yingying;ZHANG Huaixia;MA Boyan;GAO Zhanhong;WU Zhanyue;HOU Shengzhen;WANG Zhiyou;GUI LinSheng(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016)
出处
《安徽农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2021年第4期600-606,共7页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural University
基金
青海省农牧业科技创新平台(QNKP20180602)
藏羊高效养殖技术集成与示范推广(091721301064071017)
黑藏羊生长发育关键基因挖掘及开发研究(2020GN118)共同资助。
关键词
瘤胃微生物
挥发性脂肪酸
生长发育
补饲
藏羊
冬季
ruminal microbes
volatile fatty acid
growth
supplementation
Tibetan sheep
cold season
作者简介
周力,硕士研究生。E-mail:472737885@qq.com;通信作者:桂林生,博士,副教授。E-mail:guilinsheng1234@163.com。
