摘要
选用4个耐荫性不同的宁夏主栽大豆品种(系),对比研究在单作和大豆间作玉米条件下大豆主要农艺性状表现。结果表明:与单作相比,间作处理的大豆平均有效分枝数减少,降幅为53.78%;平均株高、底荚高分别增加14.39%和6.10%;大豆单株荚数、单株粒数、单株产量分别减少39.9%、30.83%、27.53%;大豆百粒重也有下降,降幅为7.46%。不同种植方式下4个大豆品种(系)农艺性状间存在一定的相关性,大豆单株产量与单株有效荚数、单株粒数呈显著正相关,与单株粒重呈极显著正相关,与有效分枝数、百粒重呈正相关,与株高、底荚高、主茎节数呈负相关。通径分析表明在大豆新品种(系)的选育过程中要把单株粒数、单株荚数、单株粒重作为首选对象考虑,同时降低株高和底荚高;提高有效分枝数和百粒重也是提高单株产量的途径之一。本试验中适合单作和间作的耐荫性大豆新品系是宁黄48,单作产量较对照增产26.99%;间作宁黄48产量最高为1238.7kg·hm-2,较对照增产4.72%。
Four different shade tolerance soybean traits in Ningxia were selected to compare and study agronomic characters of soybeans under monoculture and relay strip intercropping system.The results showed that compared with monoculture,average number of intercropped branch decreased by 53.78%;Average plant height and bottom pod height increased by 14.39%and 6.10%,respectively;pod number per plant,seed number per plant and yield per plant decreased by 39.9%,30.83%and 27.53%,respectively;100-seed weight decreased by 7.46%.The four soybean traits had correlation:yield per plant had a significantly positive correlation with effective pod number per plant and seed number per plant;it had a extremely and significantly positive correlation with seed number per plant;it had a positive correlation with effective branch number per plant and 100-seed weight;it had a negative correlation with plant height,bottom pod height and node numbers on the main stem.Through the analysis,during the breeding of new soybean varieties(lines),seed number per plant,pod number per plant and seed weight per plant should be preferred,and plant height and bottom pod height should be decreased.Increasing effective branch number and 100-seed weight is also one of the ways of increasing yield per plant.In this study,the new shade tolerance soybean line suitable for intercropping and monoculture is Ninghuang 48.Its yield of monoculture increased by 26.99%compared with the CK;its yield of intercropping reached the highest of 1238.7 kg·hm-2,increased by 4.72%compared with the CK.
作者
姬月梅
曹天俊
罗瑞萍
赵志刚
连金番
王劲松
Ji Yuemei;Cao Tianjun;Luo Ruiping;Zhao Zhigang;Lian Jinpan;Wang Jingsong(Crops Institute,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002;Hongsibu District Integrated Law Enforcement Bureau,Wuzhong,Ningxia 751999;Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002)
出处
《宁夏农林科技》
2021年第7期6-9,共4页
Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology
基金
宁夏回族自治区农业科技自主创新专项(NKYJ-19-02)
宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金项目(2020AAC03309)
宁夏农作物育种工程技术研究中心人才专项。
关键词
大豆
耐荫品种
单作
间作
农艺性状
产量
Soybean
Shade tolerance crops
Monoculture
Intercropping
Agronomic characters
Yield
作者简介
姬月梅(1981-),女,宁夏盐池人,硕士,助理研究员,主要从事大豆育种及栽培技术研究;通讯作者:赵志刚(1963-),男,宁夏中卫人,副研究员,主要从事大豆育种及栽培技术研究。
