摘要
提出了称作一次变色龙哈希函数的新密码学原语:同一哈希值的2个原像(一次碰撞)不会暴露任何陷门信息,而同一哈希值的3个原像(二次碰撞)则会暴露部分陷门信息,但足以导致严重的安全危害.基于经典的RSA困难问题构造了简单高效的一次变色龙哈希函数方案,并在随机预言模型下证明了其安全性.应用该一次变色龙哈希函数方案,进一步高效实现了对每个区块仅允许至多一次修正的可修正区块链,而任何区块的二次修改都将导致区块链崩溃的惩罚.对区块链进行有效治理是网络空间安全治理的关键领域,而可修正区块链则构成了区块链监管和治理的最核心技术.所提出的可修正区块链方案具有高效和修正权限契合实际需求的两大特点,有望为区块链监管(尤其是链上有害数据的事后治理)提供有力的技术参考.
A new cryptographic primitive called a one-time chameleon Hash function is proposed for the first time.For this new primitive,two pre-images of the same Hash value(i.e.one collision)will not expose any trapdoor information,while three pre-images of the same Hash value(i.e.two collisions)will expose some trapdoor information,but it is enough to cause some serious security hazards.An efficient one-time chameleon Hash function scheme is constructed based on the classical RSA hard problem.Then its security is proved based on the RSA assumption in the random oracle model.By using this one-time chameleon Hash function scheme,a redactable blockchain scheme is further implemented efficiently,which only allows one redaction at most for each block,and any second redaction of the block will result in the penalty of the blockchain crash.Effective governance of blockchain is the key area of cyberspace security governance,and the redactable blockchain constitutes the most core technology of blockchain supervision and governance.The redactable blockchain scheme proposed in this paper has two characteristics of high efficiency and redacting restrictions compatible with the practical demand.So it is expected to provide a powerful technical method for blockchain supervision(especially for the post-governance of harmful data stored on the chain).
作者
高伟
陈利群
唐春明
张国艳
李飞
Gao Wei;Chen Liqun;Tang Chunming;Zhang Guoyan;Li Fei(School of Mathematics and Statistics,Ludong University,Yantai,Shandong 264025;Department of Computer Science,University of Surrey,Surrey,UK GU27XH;School of Mathematics and Informatics,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006;School of Cyber Science and Technology,Shandong University,Qingdao,Shandong 266237)
出处
《计算机研究与发展》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第10期2310-2318,共9页
Journal of Computer Research and Development
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(61772147)
全国统计科研项目(2020LY016,2021LY029)
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2019MF062)
山东省重点研发计划项目(2020RKB01114)
山东省高校科技计划项目(J18A326)。
作者简介
高伟,1978年生.博士,副教授.主要研究方向为公钥密码学、云安全、区块链安全.mygaowei@163.com;陈利群,1956年生.博士,教授.主要研究方向为应用密码学、可信计算、硬件安全和区块链安全;唐春明,1972年生.博士,教授.主要研究方向为密码学、云计算安全和区块链安全;张国艳,1977年生.博士,副教授.主要研究方向为应用密码学;李飞,1977年生.博士,讲师.主要研究方向为公钥密码学.
