摘要
新能源对传统能源的替代给电力系统的频率稳定性带来了严重挑战。新能源一般通过开关频率远高于电网运行频率的电力电子接口装置并网,几乎不具备惯性;工作在最大功率点跟踪模式下不具备功率调节裕度,不能参与系统一次调频。当以最大化利用可用发电资源为目标时,新能源电源不具备频率响应能力,不能参与系统有功平衡和频率稳定的动态调节。在此背景下,虚拟同步机控制策略被提出,以应对在含高比例可再生能源的电力系统中频率响应资源减少的问题。基于虚拟同步机控制的电压源逆变器可模拟同步电机的外特性,为系统提供惯性响应和一次调频响应,从而保证含高比例可再生能源电力系统频率稳定性和电能质量。此外,不同于同步发电机,电压源逆变器的控制参数不受物理因素制约,具有更大的控制灵活性。该文研究虚拟同步机控制下的电压源逆变器的时域频率响应特性,并提出满足动态性能指标的自适应扰动的控制参数计算方法。首先,介绍基于虚拟同步机控制的电压源逆变器提供惯性响应和一次调频响应的控制策略,并指出衡量系统动态控制性能的四个关键指标。其次,基于传递函数和主导零极点,推导出包含惯性响应和一次调频响应的控制性能指标时域表达式,分析复合参数对虚拟同步机频率响应的影响。然后,考虑系统频率的运行标准和新能源的响应能力来源,根据评价指标出现的时间顺序,提出顺序结构的自适应控制参数程序化设计方法。最后,通过仿真验证所提算法的有效性。
With the increasing penetration of renewable generation and the consequent displacement of synchronous generators,the intrinsic characteristics of modern power systems have been through an evolving transition which brought frequency stability challenges.The power electronic-based renewable generation(such as the solar PV and wind turbines),commonly exploiting maximum available generation capacity in normal operating condition,brings issues weakening the entire system,including the loss of inertia because of high-frequency switches and the decreasing number of frequency response participants taking part in system-level power balance control.Under this background,the concept of virtual synchronous generator(VSG)has been proposed,which mimics the external characteristics of traditional electric machines,to provide inertial response and primary frequency response from the renewable generation,aiming to sustain frequency stability against disturbances.Moreover,as the parameters of VSG control loops is fully adjustable,the response time and flexibility can be enhanced by adaptive parameter tuning.This paper presents a parameter tuning method adaptive to load deviations.Firstly,the VSG control strategy providing the inertial response and primary frequency response is introduced.Secondly,the performance indices of frequency response are deduced through simplifications from transfer function.Thirdly,an adaptive parameter tuning algorithm is designed considering the composite influence on performance indices,the chronological sequence,and the renewable generation properties.At last,the feasibility of the proposed algorithm is verified by simulation.
作者
颜湘武
张伟超
崔森
黄瀚燕
李铁成
Yan Xiangwu;Zhang Weichao;Cui Sen;Huang Hanyan;Li Tiecheng(Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Storage and Micro-Grid of Hebei Province North China Electric Power University ,Baoding 071000 China;State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power University ,Beijing 102206 China;Hebei Electric Power Research Institute ,Shijiazhuang 050021 China)
出处
《电工技术学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第S01期241-254,共14页
Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society
基金
国家电网公司总部科技资助项目(SGHEDK00DYJS1900061)。
关键词
新能源
虚拟同步机
频率响应
自适应参数设计
Renewable generation
virtual synchronous generator
frequency response
adaptive parameter tuning
作者简介
颜湘武,男,1965年生,博士,研究方向为风力发电机组系统及其控制。E-mail:xiangwuy@163.com;通信作者:张伟超,男,1987年生,博士,研究方向为新能源电力系统。E-mail:crd-dk@163.com。
