摘要
目的了解农村老年人养老需求现状并分析影响因素,为进一步满足老年人养老服务需求、改善老年人养老现状提供理论依据。方法于2019年1—3月,采用多阶段分层抽样的方法对5省份20个村600名≥60岁老年人进行老年人养老需求调查,并对农村老年人养老需求现状进行影响因素分析。结果农村老年人养老需求的平均得分为(6.01±1.83)分,情感需求平均得分为(2.79±0.88)分,高于照护需求得分(1.67±1.83)分,医疗需求得分最低为(1.56±0.74)分。情感需求中前3位是邻里关系融洽、子女陪伴和社区活动,照护需求中前3位是保姆服务、经济支持和子女照护;医疗需求中更加注重改善医疗条件和降低医疗费用,多重线性回归结果显示,文化程度、自理程度、子女是否住在附近和是否定期体检是影响农村老年人养老需求的主要因素。结论农村老年人更加注重情感需求和照护需求,低学历、完全依赖他人、子女不住在附近、和未定期体检的老年人养老需求较高。
Objective To examine the demand for elderly care and its associates among older rural residents and to provide evidences for improving elderly care services in China. Methods Using stratified multistage random sampling,we recruited 600 residents aged ≥ 60 years at 20 villages in 5 provinces across China and conducted a survey among the elderly with a self-designed questionnaire on the status and related factors of elderly care needs from January to March 2019.Results Totally 560(43.2% male and 56.8% female) residents completed the survey. For all the respondents, the average score for overall care was 6.01 ± 1.83 out of the full mark of 17;the average domain score for emotional care was higher than that for daily life care(2.79 ± 0.88 vs. 1.67 ± 1.83) and the score(1.56 ± 0.74) for medical care was the lowest among the domain scores. The top three emotional care needs reported by the respondents were harmonious neighborhood relationship,children′s company and community activity and the top three daily life care needs were caregiver′s service, financial support and children′s care. For medical care, the respondents paid more attentions to improving medical conditions and reducing medical expenses. Based on the results of multivariate linear regression analysis, main impact factors were education,self-care ability, whether with children living nearby, and whether having regular physical examination for care needs of the rural elderly. Conclusion The elderly in rural China need more emotional care and daily life care, especially those with lower education, without self-care ability, without children′s care, and having no regular physical examination.
作者
李远雷
康正
李月欢
王慧
郑岩
田国梅
吴群红
王海鑫
张博锴
LI Yuan-lei;KANG Zheng(LI Yue-huan1,1.Department of Social Medicine,School of Health Management,Harbin Medical University,Harbin,Heilongjiang Province 150081,China;不详)
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第8期1219-1222,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
国家自然科学基金(71573068)
黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年创新人才培养计划(UNPYSCT–2017050)
中国博士后科学基金第11批特别资助项目(2018T110319)
中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2019M650068)
2017年度黑龙江省政府博士后资助经费项目(LBH–Z17102)
黑龙江省教育科学“十三五”规划2019年度重点课题(GJB1319079)。
关键词
农村老年人
养老需求
多重线性回归
影响因素
rural elderly
demand for elderly care
multiple linear regression
influence factor
作者简介
李远雷(1995-),男,山东临沂人,硕士在读,研究方向:卫生政策、医疗保险;通讯作者:康正,E-mail:kangzheng0086@126.com。
