摘要
鲁西南地区是历史时期黄河、淮河、海河三大流域的“交汇”区,在自然因素和人类活动因素的共同作用下,区域水系水环境发生了沧海桑田的剧变。本文基于历史文献,分析了几个典型历史时期区域河湖水系格局及湖泊数量、积水面积等指标,试图复原区域水环境变迁的大体脉络,并基于水利史的视角分析区域环境演变的动因。研究认为,黄河1128年南徙夺淮、元代京杭运河的营建及1855年铜瓦厢改道是区域水系演变的三个重要节点,不同阶段区域湖泊数量及积水面积逐渐减少,黄河变迁成为区域水环境演变的重要影响因素,而人类活动对其演变历程也产生重要影响,尤其是在元明清时期,会通河的开凿和经营塑造了区域相对稳定的水系格局及水环境。认知区域水环境的历史背景,总结变迁规律和蜕化原因,为当前修复区域水环境、改善生态具有重要意义。
In the historical period,the"generalized"southwest Shandong region basically was the intersec⁃tion area of the lower Yellow River and the Huaihe River and Haihe River Basin.For thousands of years,the region has undergone drastic changes under the combined action of natural factors and human activities.In this paper,based on the analysis of historical documents,we analyzed the regional river and lake sys⁃tem and the indicators such as the number of lakes and the area of accumulated water in several typical historical periods.An attempt was made to restore,the general context of regional water environment chang⁃es and to analyze the motivation of regional environmental evolution from the perspective of water history.The study shows that the Yellow River's migration to the Huaihe River in 1128,the construction of the Jinghang Canal in the Yuan Dynasty,and the re-conversion of the copper-carriage in 1855 were the impor⁃tant nodes in the evolution of the regional water system.The number of lakes and the area of accumulated water in different periods gradually decreased.The change of the Yellow River had become an important fac⁃tor influencing the evolution of regional water environment.Besides,human activities also had an important impact on its evolution,especially during the Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties.The excavation and opera⁃tion of the Huitong River shaped the relatively stable water system and water environment.Cognizing the historical background of the regional water environment and summarizing the laws of change and the rea⁃sons for degeneration are of great significance to the current restoration of the regional water environment and improvement of ecology.
作者
李云鹏
郭姝姝
朱正强
LI Yunpeng;GUO Shushu;ZHU Zhengqiang(Water History Department of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Research Center on Flood and Drought Disaster Reduction of the Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100038,China;Key Scientific Research Base of Water Heritage Protection and Research,State Administration of Cultural Heritage(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research),Beijing 100038,China;Development Research Center of the Ministry of Water Resources of P.R.China,Beijing 100038,China;Qingyan Garden of Huai'an City,Huai’an 223001,China)
出处
《中国水利水电科学研究院学报》
北大核心
2021年第4期381-389,共9页
Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
基金
国家社科基金重大项目(14ZDB049)
科技部科技基础性工作专项(2014FY210900)
中国水科院科研专项(JZ0199B212019,JZ1003A112020,JZ0145C242019)。
关键词
黄淮海
大运河
水利史
环境史
水系变迁
the Huanghuaihai Plain
The Grand Canal
water history
environmental history
water system change
作者简介
李云鹏(1985-),博士生,高级工程师,主要从事水利史、水利遗产保护研究。E-mail:liyp@iwhr.com。
