摘要
【目的】研究区域产水量时空变化及其驱动因素,为区域水资源的调配与管理提供理论支撑。【方法】利用InVEST模型模拟了2000―2015年和田河流域、开都-孔雀河流域和叶尔羌河流域产水量的时空分布并对驱动因素进行了分析。【结果】空间上,各流域多年平均产水量均集中分布在流域上游地区,平均产水量多在30 mm以上。2000―2015年和田河流域和开都-孔雀河流域产水量以下降趋势为主,而叶尔羌河流域则相反。降水对流域产水功能起着关键作用,和田河流域、开都-孔雀河流域和叶尔羌河流域产水量与降水呈显著相关性的面积占比较大,分别为73.99%、88.49%和71.11%。气温和降水是影响各流域产水量空间分布的主导因素,其q值都在0.4380以上;各流域两两因子之间的交互作用都存在着非线性增强;和田河流域人口密度与GDP、开都-孔雀河流域相对湿度与太阳辐射和风速、叶尔羌河流域GDP、人口密度与相对湿度之间差异显著。【结论】西北干旱区内陆河典型流域产水量主要受气温和降水的影响。
【Objective】Global climate change and anthropogenic activities combine to have altered water flow and distribution in many basins,especially those in arid and semi-arid regions.Understanding water yield and its spatiotemporal change in a basin,as well as their determinants,is hence important to improve water management but challenging because of the amount of data it requires.Taking Tarim basin as an example,this paper aims to analyze the spatiotemporal changes in its water yield and the underlying mechanisms.【Method】The analysis was based on numerical simulations;spatiotemporal distribution of water yield from 2000 to 2015 in three catchments in the basin:Hotan catchment,Kaidu-Kongqu catchment,and Yerqiang catchment,was simulated using the InVEST model.Factors posited to impact water yield in the three catchments,including precipitation,temperature,solar radiation,wind speed,relative humidity,GDP and population density,were analyzed using the Pearson correlation and the geographic detector.【Result】Spatially,the average annual water yield in each catchment was in its upper reach with average depth of the water yield in all three catchments being more than 30 mm.On average,the water yield in Kaidu-Kongque catchment was more than that in the Hetian and Yarkant catchment;and the water yield in most upstream areas in the three catchments was more than 120 mm.From 2000 to 2015,the water yield in Hetian and Kaidu-Kongque catchment had been in decline,while that in Yarkant catchment had been in rise.Precipitation and water production were correlated at significant level for all studied areas,accounting for 73.99%,88.49%and 71.11%of the water production in Hetian,Kaidu-Peacock and Yarkant catchments respectively,indicating that precipitation was the key contributor to the water yield.Geographical-detector analysis revealed that air temperature and precipitation were the dominant factors controlling the spatial distribution of water yield and their impacts were nonlinearly integrated,with the Q value being higher than 0.438.Intra-basin factors that were not correlated at significant level are as follows:Population density and GDP for Hetian catchment;relative humidity,radiation and wind speed for Kaidu-Kongque catchment;population density and humidity for Yarkant catchment.【Conclusion】The water yield in typical inland river basins in arid areas of northwestern China was mainly affected by temperature and precipitation.
作者
孙琪
徐长春
任正良
楚智
SUN Qi;XU Changchun;REN Zhengliang;CHU Zhi(College of Resource and Environment Sciences,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China;MOE Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China)
出处
《灌溉排水学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第8期114-122,共9页
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41561023)。
关键词
西北干旱区
产水量
时空分布
气候因素
社会经济因素
arid regions of Northwestern China
water production
spatiotemporal distribution
climatic factors
socioeconomic factors
作者简介
孙琪(1996-),男,山东淄博人。硕士研究生,主要从事干旱区生态水文研究。E-mail:2972653327@qq.com;通信作者:徐长春(1977-),女,新疆阿勒泰人。教授,博士,主要从事干旱区气候、水文与水资源研究。E-mail:xcc0110@163.com。
