摘要
Multiple sclerosis(MS)is a leading cause of chronic neurological disability in young to middle-aged adults,affecting~2.5 million people worldwide.Currently,most therapeutics for MS are systemic immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory drugs,but these drugs are unable to halt or reverse the disease and have the potential to cause serious adverse events.Hence,there is an urgent need for the development of next-generation treatments that,alone or in combination,stop the undesired autoimmune response and contribute to the restoration of homeostasis.This review analyzes current MS treatments as well as different cell-based therapies that have been proposed to restore homeostasis in MS patients(tolerogenic dendritic cells,regulatory T cells,mesenchymal stem cells,and vaccination with T cells).Data collected from preclinical studies performed in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)model of MS in animals,in vitro cultures of cells from MS patients and the initial results of phase I/II clinical trials are analyzed to better understand which parameters are relevant for obtaining an efficient cell-based therapy for MS.
基金
funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement 779316(RESTORE)
the support of project PI17/01521 and PI20/01313,integrated in the Plan Nacional de I+D+1 and cosupported by the ISCIII-Subdireccidn General de Evaluacion and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional(FEDER)
and the support of National Centre for Research and Development,Poland(grant n°STRATEGMED1/233368/1/NCBR/2014).MJ.M.is beneficiary of a Sara Borrell contract from the ISCIII and the FEDER.N.D.and D.M.are supported by MPNTR Republika Srbija,grant n°451-03-68/2020-14/200007.
作者简介
Correspondence:M.J.Mansilla,mjmansilla@igtp.cat;Correspondence:E.M.Martínez-Cáceres,emmartinez.germanstrias@gencat.cat。
