摘要
掏槽爆破是地下金属矿山掘进过程中一个极为重要的工序,其直接影响到整体掘进效率和爆破质量。合理的掏槽方式和爆破参数对地下掘进爆破至关重要。以某地下矿山斜坡道掘进爆破为例,阐述了直眼掏槽爆破的原理和主要影响因素。开展了单空孔直眼掏槽爆破、三空孔直眼掏槽爆破和三空孔直眼掏槽爆破改进共3种方案的现场爆破效果对比试验。试验结果表明:3个方案的炮孔利用率分别为60.33%、77.67%和89.00%;适当提高空孔的数量,增大掏槽爆破的补偿空间,有助于提高爆破掘进效率。现场采用第3种方案后,掏槽爆破成腔质量提升明显,掘进爆破炮孔利用率为88.55%-91.53%,平均炮孔利用率达到90.12%,可以满足掘进爆破循环进尺要求。最后提出了掏槽爆破质量控制措施,对于类似条件矿山具有一定借鉴作用。
Cutting blasting is an extremely important process in the tunneling process of underground metal mines,which directly affects the overall tunneling efficiency and blasting quality.Reasonable cutting methods and blasting parame⁃ters are very important for underground excavation and blasting.Taking the ramp excavation blasting in an underground mine as an example,the principle and main influencing factors of the straight cut blasting are explained.The field blasting effect comparison tests of three options,namely,single hollow hole cut blasting,three hollow holes cut blasting and improved three hollow holes cut blasting,were carried out.The results show that the blast hole utilization rate of the three schemes is 60.33%,77.67%and 89.00%respectively.It is beneficial to improve the efficiency of blasting and excavation by appropri⁃ately increasing the number of empty holes and the compensation space for cutting blasting.After the application of the third scheme,the quality of the cavity formed by cutting blasting has been improved significantly.The blast hole utilization rate of tunneling blasting is 88.55%~91.53%,and the average blast hole utilization rate reaches 90.12%,which can meet the re⁃quirements of the cyclic footage of tunneling blasting.Finally,the quality control measures of cutting blasting are put for⁃ward.It has a certain reference role for the mine with similar conditions.
作者
汪平
WANG Ping(China Society of Explosives and Blasting,Beijing 100070,China)
出处
《金属矿山》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第8期52-56,共5页
Metal Mine
关键词
掘进爆破
直孔掏槽
炮孔利用率
现场试验
控制措施
tunneling blasting
straight hole cut
blast hole utilization rate
field test
control measures
作者简介
汪平(1977-),男,高级工程师。
